Dual porosity in sandstones is considered as a key parameter that controls hydrocarbon production. Understanding of distribution of secondary pores, might give some insights about the heterogeneity of the reservoir for a particular area and as a result can help to produce more oil applying more efficient well-planning and design techniques. The studied oilfield is located about 40 km offshore Brunei Darussalam. In order to find out mechanisms that could lead to the development of secondary pores number of studies was conducted including helium porosity measurements, Mercury Injection Capillary Pressure, Micro-CT images (µ-CT images), X-Ray Diffraction, Petrography analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy and Focus Ion Beam Scanning Electron Microscopes. The results showed that effective porosity that was formed by secondary pores was caused by the erosion, fracturing, and dissolution of sedimentary grains, authigenic minerals that are a part of pore-filling cement, and authigenic replacive minerals.

Keywords: secondary porosity; pressure solution; reservoir compartmentalization; diagenetic processes; core analysis.

References

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At a late stage of development of any oilfield, there are big number of factors that affect recovery factor. One of them is related to presence of isolated zones, that were caused by combination of poor reservoir and oil properties of a rock. To solve the given problem variety of workover operations and enhance oil recovery (EOR) methods  can be appled for the complex reservoirs such as Tevlinsko-Russinskoe oilfield. The number of particular studies were presented by reviewing of field data, construction of heterogeneity zones, revision of workover operations and selection of EOR methods. It has obtained  that the reservoir has the lenticular structure, consists from 9 different facies and presented by 4 classes of heterogeneity. The immiscible gas injections of Nitrogen were selected as the most suitable EOR method for the given oilfield. Application of different composition of brine water was reccomended for wettability alteration.

Keywords: enhance oil recovery; heterogeneity; facies; workover optimaztions; recovery factor

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Many oil and gas fields are currently at a late stage of development, while most of them are being developed using flooding. These fields are characterized by the decreasing oil and liquid flow rates and accelerating water-cut. During the development process, the majority of oil reserves are extracted not using methods of production enhancement. Though, oil reserves within undeveloped areas are a valuable source for recovery. To involve residual reserves in active development, it is necessary to make a reasonable justification and a choice of the most effective geological and technical measures that take into account various geological field and well reservoir characteristics. Residual oil reserves at the late stage of development are classified as hard-to-recover and are mainly concentrated in areas not covered by flooding laterally and vertically. They belong to various categories that differ in the geological and technological characteristics. In this regard, it is necessary to plan various geological and technical measures taking into account the structure of residual reserves and patterns of their distribution. Studies of complex oil and gas fields were performed and a detailed analysis of the geological and physical characteristics, parameters of reservoir heterogeneity along with operational, geological and commercial assessment of reserves development were conducted.

Keywords: residual oil reserves; film oil; reservoir; geological heterogeneity; water-flooding.

References

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The article highlights the experimental studies results of carbonate rock dissolution kinetics in order to develop effective methods of slowing down the acid reaction rate in the heterogeneous structures. It was found that the intensity of carbonate reservoirs leaching process with the addition of hydrocarbon solvents such as dioxanes increases due to the acetals transition to the oil phase, dissolution of highly active oil components and more intense penetration of an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid to the carbonate matrix of the reservoir rock, which intensifies the process of leaching. The technology of complex physico-chemical impact on carbonate reservoirs has been developed. It is shown that the use of a aqueous hydrochloric acid solutions mixture and an organic solvent leads to an increase in the dissolution efficiency to 88% and the reaction rate increases by a factor of 3.5.

Keywords: carbonate rock; reservoir; porous medium; heterogeneity; leaching kinetics; hydrochloric treatment; solvent.

References

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The article presents the theoretical studies results of hydrochloric acid compositions filtration in carbonate collectors porous media saturated with two-phase formation liquid. Solution of filtration problem in the process of carbonate rock leaching with possible regulation of process by hydrocarbon solvents is considered. Numerical algorithm of acid effect on oil-saturated formation is proposed and tested, which allows to determine the following parameters of filtration flow: concentration of hydrochloric acid, distribution of water saturation, pressure and other parameters. A mathematical model of the carbonate collector dissolution process using composite solvents has been developed, which allows predicting technological indicators of acid impact efficiency.

Keywords: carbonate rock; porous medium; collector; formation fluids; modeling; acid action; solvent.

References

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The formula for determination of volumetric factor of well spacing for assessment of final oil recovery in reservoirs developed by horizontal wells is offered. For the purpose of comparison of well spacing calculated using conventional and volumetric techniques, twelve development options of the pilot area of the Yamashinskoye field with variousplacement of vertical and horizontal wells were considered. By results of calculations, marked difference in values of well spacing was observed testifying that the conventional formula used to calculate well spacing does not consider the volume nature of fluid inflow to wells with one or more horizontal laterals. The offered technique of volumetric determination of well spacing through the inclination angle, the radius of well drainage area, and the length of a lateral considers the volumetric nature of inflow to horizontal multilateral wells.

Keywords: well spacing; well spacing factor; horizontal lateral; conformance factor; radius of well drainage area; volumetric technique.

References

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8. Mukhametshin, V. V. (2020). Oil production facilities management improving using the analogy method. SOCAR Proceedings, 4, 42-50. 
9. Andreev, A. V., Mukhametshin,V. Sh., Kotenev, Yu. A. (2016). Deposit productivity forecast in carbonate reservoirs with hard to recover reserves. SOCAR Procеedings, 3, 40-45.
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11. Zeigman, Yu. V., Mukhametshin, V. Sh., Khafizov, A. R., Kharina, S. B. (2016). Prospects of application of multi-functional well killing fluids in carbonate reservoirs. SOCAR Procеedings, 3, 33–39.
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15. Yakupov, R. F., Mukhametshin, V. Sh., Khakimzyanov, I. N., Trofimov, V. E. (2019). Optimization of reserve production from water oil zones of D3ps horizon of Shkapovsky oil field by means of horizontal wells. Georesursy, 21(3), 55-61.
16. Khamitov, I. G., Shchekaturova, I. Sh., Fedorenko, N. V. (2014). Numerical study of well spacing density with account of multilateral wells by the example of Western Siberia fields.Oilfield Engineering, 2, 15-18.
17. Vyshenskaya, M. I. (2013). Definition grid density while field development horizontal wells. Burenie i Neft, 9, 26-30.
18. Mulyavin, S. F. (2012). Method of surface efficiency calculation for development systems with horizontal wells. Oilfield Engineering, 5, 27-30.
19. Yakupov, R. F., Mukhametshin, V. Sh., Tyncherov, K. T.(2018). Filtration model of oil coning in a bottom water-drive reservoir. Periodico Tche Quimica, 15(30), 725-733.
20. Rogachev, M. K., Mukhametshin, V. V., Kuleshova L. S. (2019). Improving the efficiency of using resource base of liquid hydrocarbons in Jurassic deposits of Western Siberia. Journal of Mining Institute, 240, 711-715.

For the conditions of the development of bottom water-drive reservoirs in terrigenous deposits with low permeability of oil-saturated rocks in the dome of the formation, we propose a technology of reverse oil cone creating for effective residual oil reserves development. To visualize the oil recovery process, we created a hydrodynamic model, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the proposed technology, as well as to regulate the technology parameters. We considered the issues of the following models creating: the water cone formation during the near-roof part of the formation perforation; the a cone of oil formation in the process of water withdrawing from reservoirs with cutoff water saturation; erosion of the oil cone during its production from the interlayers with the highest oil saturation. The parameters influencing the efficiency of proposed reverse cone technology application are determined.

Keywords: oil; filtration model; oil cone; bottom water-drive reservoirs; production.

References

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10. Mukhametshin, V. V., Andreev, V. E. (2017). Search and argumentation of decisions aimed at increasing the efficiency of bottom-hole zone stimulation in oil accumulations with challenged reserves. SPE-187785-MS. In: SPE Russian Petroleum Technology Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
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12. Akhmetov, R. T., Mukhametshin, V. V., Andreev, A. V., Sultanov, Sh. Kh. (2017). Some testing results of productive strata wettability index forecasting technique. SOCAR Procеedings, 4, 83-87.
13. Mukhametshin, V. V., Andreev, V. E., Dubinsky, G. S., et al. (2016). The usage of principles of system geological-technological forecasting in the justification of the recovery methods. SOCAR Procеedings, 3, 46-51.
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An advance of the rate of reserves development over the water cut rate characterizes the production in the permeable-heterogeneous high-temperature Jurassic sandstone sediments by waterflooding. It is necessary to jointly influence on such oil reservoir by the methods of enhanced oil recovery and the injectivity profile aligement for increasing of additional production of them. Increasing the coefficients of oil displacement by water (Kdisp.) and the coverage of the reservoir by waterflooding this will allow. A significant quantity of projects related to the use of surfactant compositions to increase oil recovery in high-temperature reservoirs are based on the use of internal olefin sulfonates (IOS). However, such projects risk being unprofitable, without the use of tax incentives. The research presents a composition of inexpensive and available large-scale reagents, which can increase a positive economic profitability of the project, despite the fact that the residual oil saturation during the process decreases to a lesser extent compared to compositions containing IOS. On the example of several oilfields, developing a methodology developing of an oil deposit using the technology of complex stimulation based on surfactant and polymer gel compositions is shown. This study includes carrying out physicochemical and filtration experiments, as well as hydrodynamic modeling of the process.

Keywords: crude oil; phase behavior; anionic surfactants; crosslinked polymer; interfacial face tensions; filtration studies; hydrodynamic modeling.

References

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It is known that a capillary model with a given size pore channels distribution does not allow estimating the absolute reservoir permeability with sufficient accuracy. In this case, it is necessary to introduce a certain correction factor into the formula, which is called either the lithological factor or hydraulic tortuosity. The paper shows that the need for a correction factor appears mainly due to the capillary model inconsistency to the real geometry of the reservoir void space. In this regard, we propose to use the dumbbell model when calculating the absolute permeability, in which the filtering channels are represented by alternating pores and interporous narrowings. This paper presents a methodology for calculating the hydraulic tortuosity for reservoirs of Western Siberia based on the results of capillary studies, as well as based on the data from the capacitive properties study. Hydraulic tortuosity is explained by the process of expansion of current lines in the pores and their contraction in the interporous tubules of the rock. It is noted that the residual water leads to a narrowing of the pores’ open area and, accordingly, to a certain decrease in the hydraulic tortuosity.

Keywords: structure of void space; capillarimetry; hydraulic tortuosity; filtration reservoir parameters.

References

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The article presents the results of the authors' scientific work aimed at developing a methodology for internal and external benchmarking of procurement activities for companies in the oil and gas industry. The categorization of the types of benchmarking is carried out and those that are applicable for the development of benchmarking methods in the procurement of oil companies are highlighted. In order to develop a methodology for benchmarking procurement activities, the general concept of benchmarking was transformed for industry conditions and functional features of procurement in an oil company. The process for the implementation of external benchmarking of procurement activities has been developed. The key indicators of operational efficiency and labor productivity are proposed for the stage of selection of industry competitors. At the stage of comparison, it was proposed to compare the elements, tools and indicators of the procurement logistics for oil companies. The internal functional benchmarking is recommended for large oil companies and vertically integrated oil companies. In contrast to the external one, this is partner benchmarking, benchmarking for experience exchange. The process of implementation of internal benchmarking of procurement activities is proposed. For the stage named «Selection of subsidiaries-benchmarks», its own set of indicators is proposed. Unlike external benchmarking, the internal benchmarking is focused on borrowing the experience of improving procurement business processes in reference subsidiaries.

Keywords: procurement; logistics; benchmarking; oil company; methodology.

References

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The mineralogical, chemical and gravimetric composition of drill cuttings formed during the construction of wells in the Vinno-Bannovskoye oil field in the Samara region has been studied. It was found that the cuttings included in the drill cuttings consist of the following rock-forming minerals - calcite, quartz, dolomite, wollastonite, iron-bearing ankermanite and ankerite. The excess of the gross content of the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of heavy metals in drill cuttings is observed for lead, arsenic and mercury. The content of oil products is within 0.64 ± 0.27 g/kg and does not exceed the MPC for oil. A method is proposed for producing environmentally safe permeable technogenic soil by mechanical mixing of drill cuttings with natural sand, phosphogypsum and sorbent in a ratio of 53: 40: 2: 1, leading to a decrease in the toxic effect of pollutants by reducing their concentration and sorption on the sorbent. According to its physical and chemical characteristics, the soil obtained during the disposal of drill cuttings is technogenic dispersed soil in accordance with GOST 25100 - 2020 «Soils. Classification» and can be used in the construction of soil foundations of production, auxiliary sites.

Keywords: ecology; recycling; drilling waste; drill cuttings; technogenic soil; sorbent.

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Improving the operational properties of lubricants increases the service life of the mechanisms and increase the durability of rubbing joints, which has a positive effect on the indicators of technical and economic efficiency and equipment safety. Therefore, great attention in tribology is paid to the analysis of the state of friction units in technology and the assessment of their resource characteristics, which makes it possible to increase their service life. The research aim is to study the general provisions on lubricants and lubricants, as well as the features of the boundary layers formation on friction surfaces and the observed patterns. Calculations of the boundary layers thickness using lubricating reagents at different energetic loading of the friction pair were carried out as applied to the roller bearing of a roller cone bit in the medium of cylinder oil 52 and DPS grease. The proposed research methodology made it possible to in-crease the efficiency and effectiveness of the means development for improving the tribotech-nical properties of drilling lubricants.

Keywords: boundary layer thickness; well drilling; lubricants; friction mode; wear.

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Using 2,2-dimethyl-4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane (sol-ketal) and 1,2-dichlomethylbenzene under the conditions of phase transfer catalysis, mono- and diesters containing cycloacetal fragments were synthesized. Also, with the help of dichloride, in the presence of benzene, mono- and diesters of allyl alcohol were obtained. Dichlorocyclopropanation of unsaturated ethers using chloroform, alkali and catamine AB catalyst made it possible to obtain compounds containing gem-dichlorocyclopropane fragments. O-alkylation of the sol-ketal with 1-[(alloxy)methyl]-2-(chloromethyl)benzene (mono-derivative of allyl alcohol) was used to synthesize an ether combining in its structure 1,3-dioxolane and gem-dichlorocyclopropane fragments simultaneously. The obtained substances were analyzed and confirmed by mass spectrometry («Chromatek-Kristall» instrument with Nist research database) and NMR spectroscopy («Bruker instrument»). It was found that among a number of compounds obtained, only 4-{[(2-{[(2,2-dichlorocyclopropyl) methoxy]methyl}-benzyl)oxy] methyl}-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane exhibits cytological activity against the cell lines HEK293, SH-SY5Y, MCF-7 and A549.

Keywords: O-xylylene dichloride; dichlorocyclopropanation; cyclic acetals; biological activity.

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