The article describes the developed methodology for estimating the resource potential of the gas-saturated part of oil and gas condensate and gas condensate fields based on reservoir thermodynamics. This methodology allows to estimate the amount of matrix oil liquid hydrocarbons of the gas part of the field in the absence of direct measurings data for residual water-oil saturation by the extraction-distillation method. The methodology was tested on the example of the Vuktyl oil and gas condensate field.

Keywords: carbonate source rocks; gas-saturated part of field; liquid hydrocarbons; matrix oil; reserves; thermodynamic equilibrium.

References

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This article is devoted to the generalization of the conceptions of local oil and gas bearing platform structures development, tectonophysical, geodynamic and hydrodynamic studies, which complement and introduce new ideas into the mechanism for creating capacitive parameters of traps, as well as the processes of their filling with hydrocarbons and stratification of deposits, which are inextricably linked with it.

Keywords: abnormally high formation pressures; fracturing; multilayer fields; fluid migration.

References

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The article reviewed the phase zonation of the distribution of hydrocarbons in natural reservoirs in the southern part of the Timan-Pechora plate (Verkhnepechorskaya and Izhma-Pechora depressions) and the Timan ridge (Ukhta-Izhemsky wall) from the standpoint of the Maximov-Savchenko-Gassou principle of differential hydrocarbon entrapment. Undoubtedly, the formation of oil and gas deposits is a very complex process and at the same time the principle of differential entrapment is a special case in nature. However, the distribution of hydrocarbons accumulations of various phase states formed according to the principle of differential entrapment is quite often observed in the trap chain, so that the spacing of oil and gas accumulations fits well into this concept and works for the above-mentioned structures.

Keywords: migration and accumulation of hydrocarbons; principle of differential entrapment of hydrocarbons; phase zonation; oil density.

References

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6. Gurova, D. I., Popova, M. N., Khitrov, A. M. (2018). Paleozoic carbonate structures of the upper pechora depression of the Timan-Pechora province and their resource potential. Actual Problems of Oil and Gas, 3(22), 1-9.

The article discusses some of the main criteria that determine the size of reserves in hydrocarbon fields. It is noted that large-scale oil and gas accumulation is possible in natural reservoirs that meet certain conditions. Reservoirs with good characteristics, in the presence of a powerful source of replenishment of hydrocarbons, can form larger deposits with sufficient trap volumes in the natural reservoir. With a homogeneous reservoir with high characteristics, the distribution area of hydrocarbon accumulation can be more concentrated. Heterogeneous reservoirs more often generate hydrocarbon accumulations scattered over the area. Using the example of unique and large deposits in the junction zone of the Yenisei- Khatanga regional trough with the West Siberian depression, a dependence with a high correlation coefficient between the value of hydrocarbon deposits and the effective volume of the trap, which is determined by the effective thickness of the reservoir and the area of distribution of the trap in the natural reservoir, was obtained. In the area of the Vankorskoye , Tagulskoye and Vostochno-Messoyakhskoye fields, the collectors of the Yakovlevskaya and Nizhnekhetskaya formations with the highest oil and gas saturation have the maximum effective capacity and distribution area.

Keywords: collector; trap; effective volume; natural reservoirs; large-scale oil and gas accumulation; hydrocarbon reserves.

References

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7. Taninskaya, N. V., Shimanskiy, V. V., Raevskaya, E. G., et al. (2021). Facial-paleogeographic reconstructions of the Valanginian-Hauterivian strata belonging to the Lower Cretaceous Gydan Peninsula and the western part of the Yenisei-Khatanga regional foredeep. Neftegazovaya Geologiya. Teoriya i Praktika, 16(1), 1-27.
8. Afanasenkov, A. P., Surova, N. D., Levchuk, L. V., et al. (2017). Capacitive characteristics of reservoirs of Jurassic – cretaceous deposits of the gidan and western part of the Yenisei-Khatanga oil and gas bearing areas. Oil and Gas Geology, 4, 45-54.

The degree of influence of various geological factors on the formation and location of large oil and gas deposits is considered on the statistical data on open large and giant accumulations of hydrocarbons. An attempt has been made to establish correlations between the volume of hydrocarbon reserves in the megareservoir and geological parameters affecting the formation of both oil and gas deposits. Based on the results of the conducted research and analysis of published materials, the conditions for the formation of large and giant hydrocarbon deposits have been clarified.

Keywords: oil; gas; mega reservoirs; oil and gas formation; trap; reservoir rocks.

References

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The priority direction for the development of the oil and gas complex of Russia is the search for and development of giant oil and gas fields in terms of reserves, confined to natural megareservoirs of sedimentary strata. The article considers: conventional megareservoirs of oil and gas bearing basins (OGB), in which giant and unique oil and gas deposits are accumulated (on the example of the Pokur suite of Western Siberia); megareservoirs associated with commercial vanadium-bearing heavy oils and natural bitumen in unconventional reservoirs: bituminous sands in the province of Alberta (Western Canadian OGB), Permian natural bitumen in the Volga-Ural (Republic of Tatarstan) OGB, Cambrian bitumen in Eastern Siberia; megareservoirs of unconventional low-pore shale reservoirs. These accumulations of hydrocarbons (HC) can be considered megareservoirs: due to their vast areas and high saturation with kerogen. It is shown that accumulations of hydrocarbons in megareservoirs of shale formations, high-viscosity oils and natural bitumens accumulate ore concentrations of industrially valuable metals; an integrated approach to field development is economically in demand in the present conditions.

Keywords: megareservoirs; collector; gigantic accumulations; oil and gas bearing basins; trace elements; natural bitumen; shale formations.

References

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The article is devoted to the development of the theoretical foundations of the search for mega-reservoirs of oil and gas in various geological and tectonic settings. The author’s understanding of the term «megareservoir of oil and gas» is formulated as a large-sized reservoir of oil and gas, which has productive intervals brought together within a single oil and gas layer, a large volume of oil and gas saturated space, high fluidity of the geological environment, improved capacitive-filtration properties, hydrodynamic connectivity (or overlapping) accumulation zones and centers of oil and gas generation, geofluid dynamic heterogeneity of the geological environment. The contribution of the multi-scale organization of the uvosphere and underground hydrosphere to the formation of the properties of megareservoirs as oil and gas localizing objects is considered. Differences in the geofluid dynamic mechanisms for filling reservoirs under conditions of hydrodynamically (quasi)open and (quasi)closed systems are substantiated.

Keywords: oil and gas mega-reservoirs; geofluid-dynamic heterogeneity; oil and gas bearing stage; hydrocarbon system; reservoir pressures.

References

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In the southern part of the Khoreyver depression, a structure of the first order, which is a fragment of the supra-order Pechora megasyneclise, ring and linearly elongated structures have been established - parts of the complex Assel-Sakmar reef system. In the Sandiveyskaya area, the reef formations of the Lower Permian are commercially oil and gas bearing. Several fields have been discovered here: Sandiveyskoye, Severo-Khayakhinskoye, Veyakshorskoye, Vostochno-Veyakskoye, Salyukinskoye and others, including those with high oil production rates. As a result of the analysis of 2D and 3D seismic data and a complex of drilling and well logging data, numerous reservoir zones with high porosity and permeability properties were identified and mapped in the upper parts of reef structures, which are highly promising objects for the search for oil and gas deposits in the Lyzayuskoye, South Sandivey and East Bagan areas.

Keywords: reef systems; oil and gas reservoirs; filtration-capacitive properties.

References

1. Belonin, M. D., Prishchepa, O. M., Teplov, Ye. L. I dr. (2004). Timano-Pechorskaya provintsiya: geologicheskoye stroyeniye, neftegazonosnost’ i perspektivy osvoyeniya. Sankt-Peterburg: Nedra.
2. Nikonov, N. I., Beda, I. Yu. (2010). Novyye dannyye o perspektivakh neftegazonosnosti nizhnepermskikh organogennykh postroyek. Materialy Vserossiyskogo litologicheskogo soveshchaniya. Syktyvkar
3. Bogdanov, B. P., Kuz’menko, Ju. S., Pankratova, E. I., Terent’ev, S. Е. (2014). Northern Timan-Pechora province – carboniferous-permian carbonate build-ups and their properties. Neftegazovaya Geologiya. Teoriya I Praktika, 9(3).
4. Drabkina, A. D. (2017). Prospects of search of oil and gas deposits in the Lower Permian reef sediments in the north of the Ural Foredeep. Actual Problems of Oil and Gas, 3(18).

The study of breaks in sedimentation is of interest in various aspects. The role of biogenic and chemical sulfate reduction in the dissolution of carbonate rocks is emphasized. The formation of reservoirs of different genesis in sediments was established in the tested cases of erosive action. As a result of deep processing of deposits, identified denudations and the formation of a weathering crust, the conditions for the formation of large reservoirs of hydrocarbons in its thickness. The role of breaks in the change in the sedimentation regime in the marine on the continental part is considered; appearance of humic organic matter (OM) in sedimentary deposits of the Late Paleozoic. Representatives of representatives of humic OM in pre-salt deposits of the Caspian oil and gas province are given. In the Volga-Ural region, coal-bearing deposits of erosion-karst paleoincisions enhance the heterogeneity of Carboniferous deposits at catagenic depths. A feature of the relief of the erosion-sedimentary surface formed within the Astrakhan carbonate massif is noted. Fragments of alluvial fans preserved from erosion are fixed here. An analysis was made of the relationship between breaks in sedimentation and catagenetic unconformities.

Keywords: Interruption; Carbonate deposits; Karst; Catagenesis; Collector; Oil and gas bearing; Reservoir.

References

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The study presents an approach to creating a simulation model of a complex reservoir based on the integration of multi-scale studies that make it possible to understand the alternation of different types of reservoirs along the lateral and vertical. For various types of reservoir, petrophysical dependences of permeability on porosity were built, which became the basis for the original permeability array of the model. The refined permeability array made it possible to significantly improve the history matching to the actual data after the first iteration. In this research, an array of Voronoi polygons was built, which allowed further targeted modification of petrotypes in the area of wells, taking into account the actual dynamics of well rates. Based on the results of calculations, by local modifications, the cumulative oil and liquid production were matched. Proposed approach of fissures distribution made it possible to reduce the degree of uncertainty of filtration parameters during history matching of the model to actual development data and increase the reliability of forecast calculations.

Keywords: carbonate reservoir; reservoir simulation modeling; permeability fracturing; reservoir properties.

References

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31. Saetgaraev, A. D., Khromova, I. Yu., Marmalevsky, N. Ya. (2017). Identification of vertical walls of reefrelated formations by the duplex wave migration method. Russian Oil and Gas Geology, 5, 103-112.
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The task of this work is the desire of the authors to draw attention to the problem of ac-celerating the pace of searches for promising Arctic objects on the shelf of the Pechora Sea and additional exploration of already discovered deposits in the Silurian oil and gas complex on the territory of the Varandei-Adzva structural zone (VASZ). The main result of the previously per-formed offshore exploration work is the identification of a new oil-bearing area in the eastern part of the Pechoromorsky shelf. Large oil fields have been discovered here: Prirazlomnoye, Varandey-sea, Medynskoye-sea, Dolginskoye. The proven reserves and resources of hydrocarbons (HC) allow us to assume that in the near future a new oil-producing area will be formed on the shelf of the Pechora Sea. In total, the initial raw oil resources in the Pechora Sea are more than 3500 mln tons.

Keywords: Pechora sea; silurian oil and gas complex; silurian; oil.

References

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The article presents the results of new magnetometric planning work carried out with a Geometrics G-856AX (made of USA) magnetometer in the north-western part of the Yevlakh Agjabedi basin and explores the field distribution characteristics of high-intensity local magnetic maxima. Local anomalies of the geomagnetic field in different averaging radii (R = 1.5, 2, 3, 5 km) of the north-western part of the Yevlakh Agjabedi basin were calculated and distribution maps of the field were constructed. As a result, it is shown that volcanic structures are distributed in the zone of maxima identified on the maps of local anomalies in the part of the NW part of the Yevlakh Agjabedi basin. It is assumed that the deep fault zone separated by seismic data in the Naftalan-Godakboz and Duzdag areas will be characterized by magnetic minimums, and intensive magnetic maxima will be determined to the east. In the west, volcanic masses have been found in the zones of high-intensity magnetic maxima identified in the Borsunlu, Dalimammadli, and Hazirahmedli fields. Of these, volcanic roots are believed to be present in the deep fault zone in the Hazirahmedli area, which is characterized by the highest intensity anomaly.

Keywords: magnetometric exploration; magnetic field; magnetic maximum; volcanic rocks.

References

1. Gadirov, V. G. (1991). Prediction of Mesozoic volcanogenic formations of the Middle Kura Depression and their oil and gas potential based on complex geophysical data. PhD Thesis. Baku: Institute of Geology and Geophysics, ANAS.
2. Bakirov, M. A., Gadirov, К. V. (2018, April). Study of the distribution areas of volcanic formations in the Yevlakh-Agjabedi basin. In: ASPG XXIII The International student and young researchers conference «Perfect education - the key to success in oil production». Baku.
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6. Ganbarov, Y. H., Novruzov, A. G., Gadirov, V. G., et al. (2010). Results of complex seismic and gravimetric works in the area of Gazanbulag-Borsunlu-Ziyadkhan. Azerbaijan Oil Industry, 2, 3-7.
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Comparison of the stress-strain state of a drill-string section for two cases of its position in the well interval with a cavern is aim of the article. The drill pipe body is placed in the middle of a cavern in a first case and the drill pipe tool joint is placed in the middle of a cavern in a second case. The method of finite elements that is realized in the engineering simulation software is used for research. The precise geometrical parameters of the drill pipes including a upset part and a screw joint; the character of the contact between a drill string and a well side; the physical and mechanical parameters of the rock; acting of the weight, the axial force, the bending moment and the torque are considered in to account during the calculation. The results of the calculation show that difference between the magnitudes of the normal stress on the drill pipe surface for mentioned above two cases is 45%; the difference between maximal bending is 65%. Totally, our research shows that position of the drill string relatively to a well side with a cavern acts on its stress-strain state with another changeless conditions. It means that proposed in this article calculations are recommended for the dangerous well intervals.

Keywords: drill string; stress; strain; cavern.

References

1. Semenyuk, D. M. (2002). Opredeleniye prizhimayushchikh sil, deystvuyushchikh na kolonnu buril’nikh trub, rabotayushchuyu na uchastkakh s razlichnoy kriviznoy i krucheniyem,oslozhnennykh zhelobnymi vyrabotkami. Stroitel’stvo Neftyanykh i Gazovykh Skvazhin na Sushe i na More, 2, 21-23.
2. Kryzhanivs’kyi, E. I., Hrabovs’kyi, R. S., Vytyaz’, O. Y. (2018). Consideration of the geometry of corrosion-fatigue cracks in assessing residual life of long-term operation objects. Materials Science, 5, 647-655.
3. Vytyaz, O. Y ., Hrabovskyy, R. S., Artym, V. I., Tyrlych, V. V. (2020). Effect of geometry of internal cracklike defects on assessing trouble-free operation of long-term operated pipes of drill string. Metallofizika i Noveishie Tekhnologii, 12, 1715-1527.
4. Kryzhanivskyi, Ye., Vytyaz, O., Tyrlych, V., et al. (2021). Evaluation of the conditions of drill pipes failure during tripping operations. SOCAR Proceedings, 1, 36-48.
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As part of this work, a numerical finite element model of the near-wellbore zone was developed, including its main structural elements and an area with no cement stone. On the example of the achimov deposits of one of the oil fields of the Khanty-Mansiysk autonomous region, multivariate modeling of the stress-strain state of the near-wellbore zone under conditions of poor-quality cementing was performed. It was revealed that the angular component of stresses has the maximum values in the casing. It is shown that the most probable destruction of the production casing is possible when pressure is not applied in the area of the zone with absence of cement. It is determined that the fracture zones of the column occur for the angle of the area with absence of cement from 25° to 110°, while these areas are characterized by maximum, both tensile and compressive stresses.

Keywords: casing; cement stone; elastic-strength properties; near-wellbore zone; numerical model; finite element method; stress-strain state.

References

1. Popov, S. N. (2021). Determination of the safety factor of cement stone based on numerical modeling of the stressstrain state of the near-wellbore zone, taking into account the change in the elastic-strength properties of cement during its hardening and under the influence of an acid reagent. SOCAR Proceedings, SI2, 8-16.
2. Kashnikov, J. A., Gladyshev, S. V., Ashihmin, S. G., Provodnikov, G. B. (2002). The geochemical analysis of deformation and destruction of constructive elements of wells of Surgutneftegaz OAO. Oil Industry, 11, 39-43.
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6. Popov, S. N., Korobov, I. Yu. (2021). Laboratory research and the development of analytical models of the elasticstrength properties changes of cement materials used for casing wells, depending on the hardening time and the impact of clay acid reagent. Processes in GeoMedia, 3, 183-193.
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The paper analyzes the features of the distribution of oil and water phases in the pore space of rocks with a mixed type of wettability. It is shown that when a two-phase fluid moves through an elementary micro-volume of a porous medium, the pore space of which is represented by both hydrophilic and hydrophobic channels, one of these adjacent channels can be saturated with only one of the phases in a mobile form. It is established that the change in the water saturation of the pore space over the area of productive formations during their flooding is the reason for the strong dependence of the residual oil saturation of the rock on the displacement pressure gradient. Hence, in particular, it follows that sealing drilling technologies used to increase oil recovery and increase the values of displacement pressure gradients in rocks with a mixed type of wettability will be more effective.

Keywords: mixed type of wettability; flooding of productive formations; residual oil saturation.

References

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This article analyzes the experience of operating the pump-ejector systems in the implementation of SWAG at the Samodurovskoye field. The data of the field tests of the pump-ejector systems, the parameters of the system operation are given, the failure analysis of the constituent elements is described in detail (which contributes to the further development of the SWAG technology and equipment for its implementation). A new technical solution has been proposed, which consists in the concentrated injection of a mixture with the highest gas content into wells that open reservoir zones with the largest residual reserves ("smart" injection). The conducted studies will help to more actively introduce SWAG in the fields. The proposed solution makes it possible to multiply the volume of irrationally used associated petroleum gas (which is otherwise simply flared), thereby increasing oil recovery and profits for oil producing companies.

Keywords: carbon footprint reduction; injection of associated petroleum gas into the reservoir; pump-ejector systems; SWAG injection.

References

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The results of laboratory studies of filtration processes on models of a terrigenous reservoir are presented in order to develop optimal compositions for simultaneous water and gas injection and foam assisted water alternating gas injection on the reservoir. The experiments were carried out on rock samples drilled from the core of terrigenous deposits of the Kynovsko-Pashiy horizon. The use of water-gas mixtures with foam-forming surfactants taking into account the field conditions of the fields of PJSC TATNEFT has been established will make it possible to obtain the greatest increase in oil recovery. Studies of the multiplicity and stability of foam systems have shown that non-ionic foaming surfactants TN-PO-1, TN-PO-2 and AF9-12 are best suited for use in FAWAG of the reservoir. The results of studies of the properties of foams depending on the concentration of surfactants are presented, recommendations are given on the use of specific reagents for the implementation of FAWAG, taking into account the conditions of specific fields. The use of SWAG and FAWAG technologies is not only increase oil recovery, but also significantly reduce the volume of irrationally used associated petroleum gas, which is one of the most important tasks for sustainable development goals.

Keywords: enhanced oil recovery; filtration studies; simultaneous water and gas injection; foam assisted water alternating gas injection; foaming surfactants.

References

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A method and device are proposed for implementing SWAG injection by pumping a water-gas mixture. The proposed technical solution will allow to regulate and measure the flow rate of the mixture injected into each injection well. At the same time, the technology contributes to an increase in oil recovery. The device for implementing the technology makes it possible to withdraw associated gas from the annulus of production wells, which helps to reduce pressure below critical values and prevent disruptions in the supply of well products to the pumps. The device contains diaphragms - measuring devices for controlling the flow of water-gas mixtures, which are injected into selected injection wells by means of booster pumps.

Keywords: water-gas mixture; pumping-ejector system; SWAG technology; liquid-gas ejector; pressure-energy haracteristics of ejectors; diaphragm.

References

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In today's world, the energy sector has a major impact on the climate. In this process, the share attributable to oil and gas producers is large. The paper shows the prospects of reducing flaring of associated petroleum gas and carbon dioxide emissions by utilization of exhaust (flue) gases for injection into the reservoir to enhance oil recovery. The main industrial sources of exhaust (flue) gases are given. The scope of research on the use of exhaust gases in the development of oil fields with different properties is analyzed. The technology of simultaneous water and gas injection, aimed at the utilization of exhaust gases and increase oil recovery fields, is proposed. The technology of simultaneous water and gas injection is implemented with the use of pump-ejector systems and allows for the simultaneous injection of water and gas into productive formations. The main parameters of pumpejector system are determined for the conditions of a particular field.

Keywords: exhaust (fuel) gases utilization; enhanced oil recovery (EOR); SWAG injection; pump-ejector system.

References

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When implementing the SWAG technology, the degree of stability of the water-gas mixture plays a key role. A many factors of various nature is known to the suppression of the coalescence of gas bubbles is facilitated. This article presents the results of studies of the effect of surfactants of various compositions and concentrations on the operation of a multistage centrifugal pump when pumping water-gas mixtures. The foaming agent disolvan 4411 is determined to the degree of negative influence of free gas on the characteristics of the pump is significantly reduced. The reagent Neftenol VVD provides operating parameters very close to the characteristics of the pump when using disolvan 4411. The concentration of Neftenol VVD, recommended for addition to the water-gas mixture, has been determined. The expediency of choosing this surfactant is also due to the fact that the use of this reagent improves the injection capacity of wells.

Keywords: multistage centrifugal pump; ejector; water-gas mixture; foaming surfactants.

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7. Bakhtiyarov, S. I., Shakhverdiyev, A. K., Panakhov, G. M., Abbasov, E. M. (2007). Effect of surfactant on volume and pressure of generated CO2 gas. SPE Production and Operations Symposium Proceedings, 478–482.
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10. Abitova, A. Zh. (2020). Experimental–industrial tests of the impact of water–gas (HBV) technology in combination with thickened water in Kalamkas field. SOCAR Proceedings, 1, 248-256.
11. Mamalov, E. N., Dzhalalov, G. I., Gorshkova, E. V., Hadiyeva, A. S. (2022). Intensification of oil production using water-air mixture. SOCAR Proceedings, 2, 78-83.
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13. Shevchenko, A. K., Chizhov, S. I., Tarasov, A. V. (2011). Preliminary results of fine-dispersed water-gas mixture injection into the reservoir at a late stage of Kotovskoye field development. Oil Industry, 10, 100-102.
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31. Ahmadova, U. T. (2022). Review of oil recovery techniques using foam systems. SOCAR Proceedings, 3, 076-084.
32. Suleimanov, B. A. (2011). Sand plug washing with gassy fluids. SOCAR Proceedings, 1, 30–36.
33. Khismatullina, L. I. (2018). Obrabotka prizaboynoy zony uglevodorodnym rastvoritelem i PAV. Nauchnyye Issledovaniya, 7(26), 7-8.
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In аrticle we analyze the drilling results based on three-dimensional geological and hydrodynamic models based on data from 115 wells in 28 different fields in the Volga-Ural and Timan-Pechora oil and gas provinces. The analysis of the results of production drilling of wells on the accepted geological and hydrodynamic models was carried out. The confirmation of the main elements of the geological three-dimensional model is considered. To differentiate the reasons for the deviation of the forecast flow rates associated with geological and hydrodynamic modeling, it is suggested to use the graph of comparison of the relative deviation of flow rates and the filtrationcapacitive properties predicted on the geological model. Efficiency and visibility of the separation of geological and technological reasons for the unconfirmed debits on the chart showed that, first of all, the factors related to reservoir development technologies and the forecast of the hydrodynamic model influence the flow rates. The study allows to choose effective measures to reduce the risk of failure to reach the planned production at oil fields, it is proposed to improve the methods of geological and hydrodynamic modeling in the direction of the development of the use of multivariate modeling technologies.

Keywords: reservoir; predicted oil production; reservoir simulation modeling; porosity; permeability; reservoir properties.

References

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The article presents the results of a study of the main operational characteristics of a new low-rate oil production technology. The features of the stages of developing a pumping unit, setting its characteristics, as well as working conditions during the passage of pilot testing in detail. Described the tests of technologies at the birthplace of the Caspian Sea «Oil Rocks» of the Republic of Azerbaijan, SOCAR, with a sense of the environment in terms of operation mode and concomitant complicating disease. Presented the results of a series of tests of the developed prototype on one of the wells in the Volga region of the Russian Federation, complicated by a significant inclinometric curvature of the wellbore, given the main characteristics of the installation's energy consumption. The considered experimental results confirm the operability of the new rodless oil production technology in various complicated operating conditions, and the energy indicators indicate its high efficiency.

Keywords: oil production; marginal technology; efficiency; reliability.

References

1. Urazakov, K. R., Timashev, E. O., Molchanova, V. A., Volkov, M. G. (2020). Handbook of oil production. Perm: Aster Plus LLC.
2. Stepanov, D. O., Nagiev, A. T., Lishchuk, A. N., Ivanov, S. V. (2020). Hydromechanic submersible reduction gear. RU Patent 2728561.
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The process of infiltration of oil and petroleum products into the ground when they spill onto the surface of the earth is considered. To construct a mathematical model of this process, the soil is represented as a solid body with a system of vertical cylindrical microtubules with the same diameter, and the infiltration of liquid into the soil is represented as the movement of a cylindrical liquid layer of variable height formed in the microtubule. It is assumed that liquid slides on the microtubule wall is according to Navier's law. First, formulas are proposed for determining the forces of inertia and viscous friction on the microtubule. Taking into account the acting forces, a mathematical model of the motion of a cylindrical liquid layer in a microtubule is constructed, which is a nonlinear ordinary differential equation of the second order. The resulting model is represented as a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations of the first order with initial conditions. A discrete analogue of the latter problem is constructed using the finite difference method and a computational algorithm is proposed for the numerical solution of the resulting nonlinear system of difference equations. Numerical experiments were carried out on the basis of the proposed computational algorithm.

Keywords: infiltration of oil and petroleum products into the soil; the model of ideal soil; sliding according to Navier's law; the finite difference method.

References

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Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMS) are powerful tools for improving the efficiency of modern laboratories. They are very popular in laboratories due to the presence of a large flow of samples and have the widest functionality – from identifying measurement errors to accounting for stocks. At the same time, redundant tools lead to an increase in the cost and increase of implementation of LIMS. To meet the needs of customers, was started the development of a new LIMS as a client-server web application, available on any device with Internet access. New LIMS will increase the functionality of research laboratories in the oil and gas industry, as well as the process of its implementation is not particularly difficult.

Keywords: laboratory information management system; information management; research laboratories; laboratory processes control.

References

1. Dmitrieva, E. Yu., Tereshchenko, V. A., Shlyakhtun, A. S. (2017). Experience and prospects of using the laboratoryinformation system in the testing laboratories of urban water utilities. Water Supply and Sanitary Engineering, 1, 12-20.
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11. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F., Vishnyakov, V. (2022). Nanocolloids for Petroleum Engineering: Fundamentals and Practices. John Wiley & Sons.
12. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A., Mammadbayli, T. (2021). Machine learning application to predict the efficiency of water coning prevention techniques implementation. SOCAR Proceedings, 1, 104-113.
13. Suleimanov, B. A., Latifov, Y. A., Veliyev, E. F. (2019). Softened water application for enhanced oil recovery. SOCAR Proceedings, 1, 19-29.
14. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2021). Innovative technologies as a priority factor of the oil and gas industry development. ANAS Transactions, Earth Sciences, 2, 81–93.
15. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F. (2016). The effect of particle size distribution and the nano-sized additives on the quality of annulus isolation in well cementing. SOCAR Proceedings, 4, 4-10.
16. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F., Naghiyeva, N. V. (2020). Preformed particle gels for enhanced oil recovery. International Journal of Modern Physics B, 34(28), 2050260.
17. Suleimanov, B. A., Rzayeva, S. J., Akberova, A. F., Akhmedova, U. T. (2022). Self-foamed biosystem for deep reservoir conformance control. Petroleum Science and Technology, 40(20), 2450-2467.
18. Veliyev, E. F. (2021). Application of amphiphilic block-polymer system for emulsion flooding. SOCAR Proceedings, 3, 78-86.
19. Akhmetov, R. T., Kuleshova, L. S., Veliyev, E. F. O., et al. (2022). Substantiation of an analytical model of reservoir pore channels hydraulic tortuosity in Western Siberia based on capillary research data. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University, Geo Assets Engineering, 333(7), 86–95.
20. Veliyev, E. F. (2020). Mechanisms of polymer retention in porous media. SOCAR Proceedings, 3, 126-134.
21. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F., Naghiyeva, N. V. (2021). Colloidal dispersion gels for in-depth permeability modification. Modern Physics Letters B, 35(01), 2150038.
22. Suleimanov, B. A., Latifov, Y. A., Ibrahimov, K. M., Guseinova, N. I. (2017). Field testing results of enhanced oil recovery technologies using thermoactive polymer compositions. SOCAR Proceedings, 3, 17-31.
23. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2022). Comparative analysis of the geopolymer and Portland cement application as plugging material under conditions of incomplete displacement of drilling mud from the annulus. SOCAR Proceedings, 1, 108-115.
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25. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2022). The application of nanoparticles to stabilise colloidal disperse systems. ANAS Transactions. Earth Sciences, 1, 37–50.
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The reaction rate constant is a powerful tool for improving the efficiency of acid treatments, which is used both for selecting optimal acid compositions and for mathematical modeling. However, there are still no unified methods and tools for its determination, which leads to low reproducibility of experiments and difficulties in interpreting the results. To improve the processes of studying the kinetics of the reaction of acid with carbonate rock, together with AO "Geologika", a volumetric installation "PIK-OSG" was designed and manufactured, a special algorithm for processing data was developed. A series of test experiments were carried out, a method was proposed to reduce the error by pressing the disintegrated core into tablets.

Keywords: acid treatments; reaction kinetics; reaction rate constant; volumetric setup; laboratory studies.

References

1. Trushin, Yu., Aleshchenko, A., Danilin, K., et al. (2019, October). Complex approach to the design of acid treatment of carbonate reservoirs. SPE-196977-RU. In: SPE Russian Petroleum Technology Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
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5. Martyushev, D. A., Novikov, V. A. (2020). Improving acidizing in the collectors characterized by different carbonate content (on the example of oil fields of Perm krai). Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Geo Assets Engineering, 331(9), 7–17.
6. Ivanov, E., Korobkov, D., Sidorenkov, A., et al. (2021, October). Digital rock extension of laboratory core test results for acid treatment optimization. SPE-206591-MS. In: SPE Russian Petroleum Technology Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
7. Jin, F., Jiang, T., Varfolomeev, M. A., et al. (2021). Novel preformed gel particles with controllable density and its implications for EOR in fractured-vuggy carbonated reservoirs. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 205, 108903.
8. Dmitrieva, A. Yu., Musabirov, M. Kh., Baturin, N. I. (2020). Development and study of the physicochemical properties of acidhydrocarbon emulsion systems for complex SCR carbonate reservoirs. Exposition Oil & Gas, 1(74), 50-55.
9. Zinov'ev, A. M., Karpunin, N. A. (2018). Features of acid treatment in conditions of high temperature collectors. The Eurasian Scientific Journal, 6(10).
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11. Savenok, O. V., Barambonye, S. (2019). Analysis of the technology of reagent treatment in the surface zone of the plast. Readings of A.I. Bulatov, 2(2), 116-128.
12. Orlov, N. N., Turiyanov, A. R., Zagirov, R. R., et al. (2017). Selection of the optimal acid composition for acidizing low permeable carbonate reservoirs. Oilfield Engineering, 3, 37-42.
13. Akhmerova, E. E., Shafikova, E. A., Apkarimova, G. I., et al. (2018). Selection of effective acid compound for carbonate collector treatment. Bashkir Chemistry Journal, 25(3), 86-92.
14. Bulgakova, G. T., Kharisov, R. Ya., Sharifullin, A. R., Pestrikov, A. V. (2014). Mathematical modeling and optimizing the design of matrix treatments in carbonate reservoirs. Scientific and Technical Bulletin of «NK Rosneft», 2(35), 22-28.
15. Zakirov, T. R., Nikiforov, A. I. (2013). Simulation of oil reservior flooding using acid impact on well area. Matematicheskoe Modelirovanie, 25(2), 53-64.
16. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F., Vishnyakov, V. (2022). Nanocolloids for Petroleum Engineering: Fundamentals and Practices. John Wiley & Sons.
17. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F., Naghiyeva, N. V. (2020). Preformed particle gels for enhanced oil recovery. International Journal of Modern Physics B, 34(28), 2050260.
18. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2022). Comparative analysis of the geopolymer and Portland cement application as plugging material under conditions of incomplete displacement of drilling mud from the annulus. SOCAR Proceedings, 1, 108-115.
19. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2021, October). Propagation of nano sized CDG deep into porous media. SPE-207024-MS. In: SPE Annual Caspian Technical Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
20. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F. (2016). The effect of particle size distribution and the nano-sized additives on the quality of annulus isolation in well cementing. SOCAR proceedings, 4, 4-10.
21. Suleimanov, B. A., Rzayeva, S. J., Akberova, A. F., Akhmedova, U. T. (2022). Self-foamed biosystem for deep reservoir conformance control. Petroleum Science and Technology, 40(20), 2450-2467.
22. Suleimanov, B. A., Latifov, Y. A., Ibrahimov, K. M., Guseinova, N. I. (2017). Field testing results of enhanced oil recovery technologies using thermoactive polymer compositions. SOCAR Proceedings, 3, 17-31.
23. Veliyev, E. F. (2021). Application of amphiphilic block-polymer system for emulsion flooding. SOCAR Proceedings, 3, 78-86.
24. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2021). Innovative technologies as a priority factor of the oil and gas industry development. ANAS Transactions, Earth Sciences, 2, 81–93.
25. Suleimanov, B. A.,Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2021). Impact of nanoparticle structure on the effectiveness of pickering emulsions for eor applications. ANAS Transactions. Earth Sciences, 1, 82–92.
26. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2022). The application of nanoparticles to stabilise colloidal disperse systems. ANAS Transactions. Earth Sciences, 1, 37–50.
27. Kharisov, R. Ya., Folomeev, A. E., Sharifullin, A. R., et al. (2012). Integrated approach to acid treatment optimization in carbonate reservoirs. Energy Fuels, 26(5), 2621–2630.
28. Folomeev, A. E., Sharifullin, A. R., Vakhrushev, S. A., et al. (2014, October). Theory and practice of acidizing high temperature carbonate reservoirs of R. Trebs oil field, Timan-Pechora basin. SPE-171242-MS. In: SPE Russian Oil and Gas Exploration & Production Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
29. Aldakkan, B., Gomaa, A. M., Cairns, A. J., et al. (2018, April). Low viscosity retarded acid system: a novel alternative to emulsified acids. SPE-192175-MS. In: SPE Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Annual Technical Symposium and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
30. Sayed, M., Cairns, A. J., Sahu, Q. (2020, January). Low-viscosity acid platform: benchmark study reveals superior reaction kinetics at reservoir conditions. IPTC-20282-MS. In: International Petroleum Technology Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
31. Wang, S., Zhang, D., Guo, J., et al. (2018). Experiment and analysis of the reaction kinetics of temperature control viscosity acids with limestone. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 165, 305-312.
32. Kotb, A., Nasr-El-Din, H. A. (2021). New insights into mass transfer when using the rotating disk apparatus for Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. SPE Journal, 26(03), 1161–1173.
33. Ivanishin, I. B., Nasr-El-Din, H. A. (2021). Effect of calcium content on the dissolution rate of dolomites in HCl acid. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 202, 108463.
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During the operation of producing oil and gas wells, oil from formations is extracted together with water. In the case of a significant water cut in a well it is economically feasible and technologically necessary to carry out geological and technical actions (GTA) with the aim to reduce the water cut - repair and isolation works (RIW). Designing actions for RIW is associated with a analysis of the reasons of increase of water cut and the development of methods for eliminating the identified problem. The use of expert systems makes it possible to implement an integrated approach to the design of actions for RIW with a choice of necessary compositions, and designs of works, taking into different processes.

Keywords: expert system; repair and insulation works; optimization; design.

References

1. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F., Vishnyakov, V. (2022). Nanocolloids for Petroleum Engineering: Fundamentals and Practices. John Wiley & Sons.
2. Suleimanov, B. A., Rzayeva, S. J., Akberova, A. F., Akhmedova, U. T. (2022). Self-foamed biosystem for deep reservoir conformance control. Petroleum Science and Technology, 40(20), 2450-2467.
3. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F. (2016). The effect of particle size distribution and the nano-sized additives on the quality of annulus isolation in well cementing. SOCAR Proceedings, 4, 4-10.
4. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2022). Comparative analysis of the geopolymer and Portland cement application as plugging material under conditions of incomplete displacement of drilling mud from the annulus. SOCAR Proceedings, 1, 108-115.
5. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2021). Innovative technologies as a priority factor of the oil and gas industry development. ANAS Transactions, Earth Sciences, 2, 81–93.
6. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2022). The application of nanoparticles to stabilise colloidal disperse systems. ANAS Transactions. Earth Sciences, 1, 37–50.
7. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A., Mammadbayli, T. (2021). Machine learning application to predict the efficiency of water coning prevention techniques implementation. SOCAR Proceedings, 1, 104-113.
8. Suleimanov, B. A., Latifov, Y. A., Ibrahimov, K. M., Guseinova, N. I. (2017). Field testing results of enhanced oil recovery technologies using thermoactive polymer compositions. SOCAR Proceedings, 3, 17-31.
9. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F., Naghiyeva, N. V. (2020). Preformed particle gels for enhanced oil recovery. International Journal of Modern Physics B, 34(28), 2050260.
10. Veliyev, E. F. (2021). Application of amphiphilic block-polymer system for emulsion flooding. SOCAR Proceedings, 3, 78-86.
11. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F., Naghiyeva, N. V. (2021). Colloidal dispersion gels for in-depth permeability modification. Modern Physics Letters B, 35(01), 2150038.
12. Suleimanov, B. A.,Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2021). Impact of nanoparticle structure on the effectiveness of pickering emulsions for EOR applications. ANAS Transactions. Earth Sciences, 1, 82–92.
13. Suleimanov, B. A., Latifov, Y. A., Veliyev, E. F. (2019). Softened water application for enhanced oil recovery. SOCAR Proceedings, 1, 19-29.
14. Akhmetov, R. T., Kuleshova, L. S., Veliyev, E. F. O., et al. (2022). Substantiation of an analytical model of reservoir pore channels hydraulic tortuosity in Western Siberia based on capillary research data. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University, Geo Assets Engineering, 333(7), 86–95.
15. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2021, October). Propagation of nano sized CDG deep into porous media. SPE-207024-MS. In: SPE Annual Caspian Technical Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
16. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2020). Colloidal dispersion nanogels for in-situ fluid diversion. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 193, 107411.
17. Veliyev, E. F. (2020). Mechanisms of polymer retention in porous media. SOCAR Proceedings, 3, 126-134.
18. Zozulya, G. P., Kleshchenko, I. I., Geykhman, M. G., Chabayev, L. U. (2002). Teoriya i praktika vybora tekhnologiy i materialov dlya remontno-izolyatsionnykh rabot v neftyanykh i gazovykh skvazhinakh. Tyumen: TyumGNGU.
19. Lomakina, I. YU., Kornilov, A. V., Strizhnev, K. V. (2009). Osobennosti modelirovaniya vodoizolyatsionnykh rabot. Problemy geologii, geofiziki, bureniya i dobychi nefti, ekonomika i upravleniye. Sbornik Statey Aspirantov i Molodykh Spetsialistov, 6, 71–79.
20. Popov, E. V., Shapot, M. D., Kisel, Ye. B., Fominykh, I. B. (1996). Staticheskiye i dinamicheskiye ekspertnyye sistemy. Moskva: Finansy i Statistika.
21. Kheyyes-Rot, F., Uoterman, D., Lenat, D. (1987). Postroyeniye ekspertnykh sistem. Moskva: Mir.

Currently, various innovative technological approaches are used to develop deposits of hard-to-recover oil and gas reserves. To increase the efficiency of these activities, software products for the design of remedial operations can help. Hydraulic Fracturing Simulator (HFS) is an essential tool for developing hard-to-recover reserves and shale reservoirs. The hydraulic fracturing simulator makes the process of oil production in complex geological conditions safer and more efficient. There is a human factor in decision making in the endless iterative process at all stages of hydraulic fracturing application, which should be taken into account in software development. Foreign IT-solutions for modeling of geological and engineering operations (GEO) are considered to be the benchmark in the Russian market. However, there are promising domestic import-substituting developments, and one of such solutions is modeling software «Fractal», created in Ufa by «Tetaсom».

Keywords: hydraulic fracturing (fracking); frac design; mini-fracturing; fracture conductivity; proppant; modeling.

References

1. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F., Vishnyakov, V. (2022). Nanocolloids for Petroleum Engineering: Fundamentals and Practices. John Wiley & Sons.
2. Suleimanov, B. A., Latifov, Y. A., Ibrahimov, K. M., Guseinova, N. I. (2017). Field testing results of enhanced oil recovery technologies using thermoactive polymer compositions. SOCAR Proceedings, 3, 17-31.
3. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F., Naghiyeva, N. V. (2021). Colloidal dispersion gels for in-depth permeability modification. Modern Physics Letters B, 35(01), 2150038.
4. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2021). Innovative technologies as a priority factor of the oil and gas industry development. ANAS Transactions, Earth Sciences, 2, 81–93.
5. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2020). Colloidal dispersion nanogels for in-situ fluid diversion. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 193, 107411.
6. Suleimanov, B. A.,Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2021). Impact of nanoparticle structure on the effectiveness of pickering emulsions for EOR applications. ANAS Transactions. Earth Sciences, 1, 82–92.
7. Grushevenko, D. A., Kulagin, V. A. (2019). Netraditsionnaya neft': tekhnologii, ekonomika, perspektivy. Moskva: INEI RAN.
8. Netraditsionnaya neft': tekhnologii, ekonomika, perspektivy / pod red. D. A. Grushevenko, V. A. Kulagina. Moskva: INEI RAN.
9. Kashapov, D. V., Fedorov, A. E., Sergeychev, A. V., Zeigman, Yu. V. (2021). Evolution of multistage hydraulic fracturing technologies development at US shale facilities. Petroleum Engineering, 19(5), 53-66.
10. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A., Mammadbayli, T. (2021). Machine learning application to predict the efficiency of water coning prevention techniques implementation. SOCAR Proceedings, 1, 104-113.
11. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2022). Comparative analysis of the geopolymer and Portland cement application as plugging material under conditions of incomplete displacement of drilling mud from the annulus. SOCAR Proceedings, 1, 108-115.
12. Akhmetov, R. T., Kuleshova, L. S., Veliyev, E. F. O., et al. (2022). Substantiation of an analytical model of reservoir pore channels hydraulic tortuosity in Western Siberia based on capillary research data. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University, Geo Assets Engineering, 333(7), 86–95.
13. Veliyev, E. F. (2020). Mechanisms of polymer retention in porous media. SOCAR Proceedings, 3, 126-134.
14. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F. (2016). The effect of particle size distribution and the nano-sized additives on the quality of annulus isolation in well cementing. SOCAR Proceedings, 4, 4-10.
15. Suleimanov, B. A., Rzayeva, S. J., Akberova, A. F., Akhmedova, U. T. (2022). Self-foamed biosystem for deep reservoir conformance control. Petroleum Science and Technology, 40(20), 2450-2467.
16. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F., Naghiyeva, N. V. (2020). Preformed particle gels for enhanced oil recovery. International Journal of Modern Physics B, 34(28), 2050260.
17. Veliyev, E. F. (2021). Application of amphiphilic block-polymer system for emulsion flooding. SOCAR Proceedings, 3, 78-86.
18. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2021, October). Propagation of nano sized CDG deep into porous media. SPE-207024-MS. In: SPE Annual Caspian Technical Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
19. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2022). The application of nanoparticles to stabilise colloidal disperse systems. ANAS Transactions. Earth Sciences, 1, 37–50.
20. Suleimanov, B. A., Latifov, Y. A., Veliyev, E. F. (2019). Softened water application for enhanced oil recovery. SOCAR Proceedings, 1, 19-29.
21. Kashapov, D.V. (2019). Flow of a liquid with a propant in a horizontal well during the hydraulic fracturing operation. Neft. Gаz. Novatsii, 7, 62-66.
22. Nierode, D. E., Kruk, K. F. (1973, September). An evaluation of acid fluid loss additives retarded acids, and acidized fracture conductivity. SPE-4549-MS. In: Fall Meeting of the Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
23. Smith, M. B., Klein, H. A. (1995, October). Practical applications of coupling fully numerical 2-D transport calculation with a PC-based fracture geometry simulator. SPE-30505-MS. In: SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers.

The article describes actual task of determining productivity index of oil and gas fields ‒ flow rate of oil and gas. Important indicator of work of an oil reservoir is average daily flow rate, which establishes technological regulation to carry out oil well products sampling. Qualitative measurement of daily flow rate will optimize and predict preventive work. Objective of the work is to study influence of flow rate, composition of the gasoil emulsion on the error in measuring the amount of oil well production. Measurements of the gas-water-oil emulsion flow rate make it possible to control development and operation modes of the field and minimize the possibility of deviations in the operation of equipment for oil and gas production.

Keywords: oil reservoir; well; flow rate; error; emulsion.

References

1. Ismakov, R. A., Denisova, E. V., Sidorov, S. P., Chernikova, M. A. (2021). Research of inflow control devices for estimation of application in intellectual well. SOCAR Proceedings, 2, 202-209.
2. (2015). GOST Р 8.903-2015. State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Mass of petroleum and petroleum products. Procedures of measurements. Moscow: Standartinform.
3. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F., Vishnyakov, V. (2022). Nanocolloids for Petroleum Engineering: Fundamentals and Practices. John Wiley & Sons.
4. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A., Mammadbayli, T. (2021). Machine learning application to predict the efficiency of water coning prevention techniques implementation. SOCAR Proceedings, 1, 104-113.
5. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2022). The application of nanoparticles to stabilise colloidal disperse systems. ANAS Transactions. Earth Sciences, 1, 37–50.
6. Suleimanov, B. A.,Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2021). Impact of nanoparticle structure on the effectiveness of pickering emulsions for EOR applications. ANAS Transactions. Earth Sciences, 1, 82–92.
7. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F. (2016). The effect of particle size distribution and the nano-sized additives on the quality of annulus isolation in well cementing. SOCAR Proceedings, 4, 4-10.
8. Suleimanov, B. A., Latifov, Y. A., Ibrahimov, K. M., Guseinova, N. I. (2017). Field testing results of enhanced oil recovery technologies using thermoactive polymer compositions. SOCAR Proceedings, 3, 17-31.
9. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F., Naghiyeva, N. V. (2021). Colloidal dispersion gels for in-depth permeability modification. Modern Physics Letters B, 35(01), 2150038.
10. Suleimanov, B. A., Latifov, Y. A., Veliyev, E. F. (2019). Softened water application for enhanced oil recovery. SOCAR Proceedings, 1, 19-29.
11. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2022). Comparative analysis of the geopolymer and Portland cement application as plugging material under conditions of incomplete displacement of drilling mud from the annulus. SOCAR Proceedings, 1, 108-115.
12. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2021). Innovative technologies as a priority factor of the oil and gas industry development. ANAS Transactions, Earth Sciences, 2, 81–93.
13. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2021, October). Propagation of nano sized CDG deep into porous media. SPE-207024-MS. In: SPE Annual Caspian Technical Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
14. Golovanchikov, A. B., Shishljannikov, V. V., Likhobabin, D. O., et al. (2010). Method of measuring volume of liquid in closed reservoir. RU Patent 2397453.
15. Vinokurov, B. B. (2014). Sovremennaya urovnemetriya zhidkikh sred. Tomsk: Tomskiy Politekhnicheskiy Universitet.
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In this article was considered the trend of change in the number of repair and insulation works along the wellbore of producing wells among oil and gas companies of the Russian Federation. The prospects of using automated software for the design of equipment and technology for eliminating violations of the integrity of the production casing are determined. The optimal form of software in the form of a simulator has been identified and an algorithm for the operation of this simulator has been constructed for various cases.

Keywords: leakage of the production string; repair and insulation works; software; simulator.

References

1. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F., Vishnyakov, V. (2022). Nanocolloids for Petroleum Engineering: Fundamentals and Practices. John Wiley & Sons.
2. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A., Mammadbayli, T. (2021). Machine learning application to predict the efficiency of water coning prevention techniques implementation. SOCAR Proceedings, 1, 104-113.
3. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F. (2016). The effect of particle size distribution and the nano-sized additives on the quality of annulus isolation in well cementing. SOCAR Proceedings, 4, 4-10.
4. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2022). Comparative analysis of the geopolymer and Portland cement application as plugging material under conditions of incomplete displacement of drilling mud from the annulus. SOCAR Proceedings, 1, 108-115.
5. Suleimanov, B. A., Latifov, Y. A., Ibrahimov, K. M., Guseinova, N. I. (2017). Field testing results of enhanced oil recovery technologies using thermoactive polymer compositions. SOCAR Proceedings, 3, 17-31.
6. Suleimanov, B. A., Rzayeva, S. J., Akberova, A. F., Akhmedova, U. T. (2022). Self-foamed biosystem for deep reservoir conformance control. Petroleum Science and Technology, 40(20), 2450-2467.
7. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F., Naghiyeva, N. V. (2020). Preformed particle gels for enhanced oil recovery. International Journal of Modern Physics B, 34(28), 2050260.
8. Suleimanov, B. A., Latifov, Y. A., Veliyev, E. F. (2019). Softened water application for enhanced oil recovery. SOCAR Proceedings, 1, 19-29.
9. Suleimanov, B. A.,Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2021). Impact of nanoparticle structure on the effectiveness of pickering emulsions for EOR applications. ANAS Transactions. Earth Sciences, 1, 82–92.
10. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F., Naghiyeva, N. V. (2021). Colloidal dispersion gels for in-depth permeability modification. Modern Physics Letters B, 35(01), 2150038.
11. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2020). Colloidal dispersion nanogels for in-situ fluid diversion. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 193, 107411.
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The article presents the results of the development and field tests of mobile installations for measuring the mass flow rate of crude oil and the volume flow rate of associated petroleum gas, as well as the calculation of the gas factor of oil on their basis. One of the installations for measuring the volume flow of associated gas separated at the reception of the borehole pump and taken from the annulus of the well. The other allows you to select the watered products in the sampling column of the measuring tank and increase the accuracy of measurements of both water and gas. A statistical dependence of the gas separation coefficient at the reception of the electric centrifugal pump is obtained, which allows the installation to be designed in accordance with the amount of gas taken from the annulus of the well.

Keywords: gas factor of oil; oil rate; dissolved and free gas; mobile unit; well annulus; gas separation coefficient; pump reception.

References

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The available projects on gas and gas condensate fields development usually fail to substantiate the amount of research towards field management, its major purpose being reduced to annual surveys of development wells under steady-state filtration conditions aimed at determining reservoir filtration characteristics. The paper contains almost all the characteristics to be identified during the well operation in order to schedule field management works and make design project adjustments.

Keywords: field management; identification of reservoir characteristics; amount of research; gas flow coefficients; steady-state filtration conditions.

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The demand for hydrocarbons has grown substantially over the past decades and continues to do so. Thus, according to OPEC, the oil demand is expected to increase by 16.4 million barrels per day up to 2040, whereby, if in 2021 the daily hydrocarbon consumption was 99.2 mln barrels per day, by 2040 this figure will rise to 109.4 mln barrels per day. Researchers are of course trying to cope with the increasing demand for hydrocarbon energy carriers year on year by using increasingly innovative exploitation and development techniques. However, despite the prospects of these technologies, they do not entirely solve the problem. In this respect, improving the efficiency of heavy oil field development is the more realistic alternative. Today the most actual methods of heavy oil field development are the technologies aimed at in-situ modification of physical and chemical properties of oil. However, these methods still have a number of drawbacks that impede their wide commercial application.

Keywords: heavy oil; enhanced oil recovery; in-situ combustion; thermal EOR; catalytic EOR.

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At all stages of the life cycle of a field from putting into development to applying various methods of enhanced oil recovery at the final stage, specialists solve optimization problems in order to increase the recovery of reserves, increase current oil production, increase the economic efficiency of projects, etc. The efficiency of waterflooding of oil fields is influenced by a wide range of factors, the negative impact of which can lead to uneven and low depletion of reserves. Solution of the problem of waterflooding optimization is proposed, calculation the injection rate, which ensure maximum oil rate from production wells while implementation the restrictions on the total volume of injected water and on bottom hole pressures of production and injection wells. The suggested approach is based on the use of the streamline method and the solution of a linear programming problem. An example of using the proposed algorithm for solving the problem is shown and the technological efficiency of changing the operating modes of injection wells is calculated. The predicted increase in the oil recovery factor under the considered conditions was 5.75% over 15 years of development.

Keywords: waterflooding optimization; streamline method; linear programming; interwell connectivity.

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The development of oil fields with the maintenance of reservoir pressure by pumping water without antibacterial preparation leads to widespread infection by microorganisms of oil-field waters that circulate in the reservoir system – surface equipment. In this aspect, it was interesting to conduct research on the identification and identification of microorganisms of metal destructors of field installations, as well as oil itself on specific microbiological media intended for various groups of microorganisms causing biocorrosion of pipelines. In this regard, the biocenosis of samples of water, oil, scrapers from oilfield pipelines, selected in different seasons: winter, spring, summer, autumn, was studied. In order to solve the problem of eliminating corrosive processes caused by certain groups of microorganisms, the influence of a number of effective bactericides on the viability of bacteria has been tested, recommendations for their use have been developed.

Keywords: aggressive environment; biocenosis; biocorrosion; reagent; recommendations.

References

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The predominant oil production offshore Vietnam comes from White Tiger (Bach Ho) Basement reservoir of which the flow regime is very complicated due the complexity of the spatial distribution of petrophysical parameters such as porosity, permeability, and water saturation. Consequently, the traditional reservoir simulation method for oil production forecasting is somewhat not accurate or takes a lot of efforts and time to optimize the dynamic parameters. Recent development of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms would help to predict the oil rate from water injection rates of each injection wells faster and more acceptable. Once the oil rate prediction can be done by ML approach, the waterflooding optimization can further implemented by any optimization algorithms such as random search, grid search or gradient based one. In this research, the Random Forest algorithm will be used as it shows the most acceptable results as the correlation coefficients between the predicted and actual values is 0.98 and 0.95 for training and testing datasets, respectively. After that the grid search optimization algorithm is applied to find the reasonable water injection rate for each injection wells that increase the oil productivity and net present values (NPV). The results shows that the oil productivity increase of average 2.5% while the NPV increase of average 1.2% by using newly optimized injection schemes.

Keywords: waterflood; oil production forecasting; optimization; machine learning; White Tiger oilfield; basement.

References

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The durability of oilfield equipment (OFE) depends on a number of factors, including the reliability of the design, the perfection of their manufacturing technology, the level of use of modern technologies in repair and restoration and other works. When restoring machine parts whose service life has expired, modern methods such as laser, ironing, flame gas, etc. are currently used in repair production, which create the basis for a serious impact on their resources. Of great importance is the technology of restoring parts - the method of ironing. In the processes of restoration of large-sized, cabinet, metal-intensive parts, etc. The article presents the results on increasing the resistance of the plunger-cylinder pair to abrasion and increasing the service life due to the use of ironing technology.

Keywords: rod depth pump; abrasion resistance; plunger; cylinder; ironining.

References

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Determination of the optimal parameters of a three-phase two-stroke electromagnetic vibrometer of low-frequency mechanical vibrations based on a theoretical-chain model has been considered. Dependences of output power and performance coefficient are obtained to ensure effective vibration impact on heavy objects. The results obtained can be used in the optimal design of the vibrator design.

Keywords: electromagnetic vibration; efficiency; circuittheoretic model; output power; vibration exciter.

References

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Ejector systems have proven themselves in various industries for their simplicity, reliability and environmental friendliness. To increase the efficiency of the emergency core cooling systems of innovative projects of nuclear power plants with water-water energetic reactor, the pump-ejector system can be used, but to achieve design indicators for maximum water flow and pressure, it is necessary to operate jet devices in cavitation mode. The article presents the results of bench tests of ejectors with single-barrel and multi-barrel nozzles, as well as their pressure characteristics. A recommendation is given on the use of ejectors with multi-barrel nozzles and an increased cavitation injection coefficient in emergency core cooling systems for nuclear reactors.

Keywords: ejector; jet pump; emergency core cooling systems; nuclear power; environmentally friendly technologies.

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The issues of reducing losses of aviation kerosene during its pumping in systems of centralized refueling of aircraft with fuel, in which pipes and equipment of collapsible pipelines are used, are considered. Comparative data on possible leaks through the sealing units of pipe joints with MPT couplings and welded joints are shown. A technique for determining the parameters and the number of U-shaped compensators for unloading from thermal stresses of straight horizontal sections of collapsible pipelines kits connected by welding is presented. Modeling was carried out to establish the influence of various initial data on temperature deformations and the compensating ability of U-shaped expansion joints. Dependences have been obtained to determine the compensating capacity of U-shaped expansion joints without preliminary stretching (compression) by half of the longitudinal deformation, depending on the length of the overhang and the width of the flange for pipelines PST-100 and PST-150M.

Keywords: collapsible pipelines; centralized refueling of aircraft; temperature deformation of pipelines; U-shaped compensator; allowable deformation of the compensator.

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Implementation of SWAG injection by means of injection of a water-gas mixture is a promising method for increasing oil recovery. The use of associated petroleum gas as gas components in the water-gas mixture allows a multiple reduction in the amount of irrationally consumed gas and a reduction in the carbon footprint. This article uses the technology of multi-stage ejector reproduction to obtain and pump a water-gas mixture in plastic. The right choice of equipment allows you to operate the system with maximum efficiency. The article presents a schematic diagram of the SWAG installation. The effect of the working pressure on the efficiency of the ejector has been studied. Dependences of pressure-energy characteristics are obtained.

Keywords: water-gas mixture; pumping-ejector system; SWAG technology; liquid-gas ejector; pressure-energy characteristics of ejectors.

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Article presents an overview of studies of the gas bubbles interaction processes in the composition of water-gas mixtures. Data are given on theories that indirectly indicate the nature of the phenomenon of coalescence, or its suppression. It has been established that there are rational ranges of parameter values at which coalescence suppression is observed, however, when some critical values of these parameters are exceeded, the coalescence suppression regime breaks down. The experimental studies of the gas flow rate effect, passed in the bubbles flow form through a column with liquid, at various pressures and salinity of the liquid showed that an increase in the maximum gas flow rate with suppressed coalescence is observed in a certain range of salinity (with increasing pressure). However, further with an increase in salinity, the maximum the gas flow rate remains constant, after which the regime breaks. The addition of foaming surfactants increases the maximum gas flow rate. At the same time, a study of multistage centrifugal pump characteristics showed that the addition of surfactants improves the performance of the pump up to a certain concentration, with an increase in this concentration, the performance improves slightly. A further direction of studying the technology of creating stable water-gas mixtures is also formulated.

Keywords: carbon footprint reduction; SWAG technology; pump-ejector systems; water-gas mixture; coalescence of gas bubbles.

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88. Kurbanbayev, M. I., Abitova, A. J. (2014). Efficiency assessment of water-alternating-gas for «Kalamkas» field Ю-1С horizon test plot in accordance with penetration test results in core. SOCAR Proceedings, 2, 46-50.
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The paper sets forth an approach for calculating and optimizing the geometric shape, taking into account the physical nonlinearities of the material of oilfield reservoirs and the end conditions of supports. An effective calculation technique based on finite difference methods has been developed. On the basis of the developed methods, a computational algorithm was created, a set of applied programs was compiled. An analysis of the calculation results based on the developed computational technique showed that the solution of the problems of determining the stress-strain behavior of shells must be carried out taking into account the physical nonlinearity. The influence of various factors on the stress-strain behavior of the reservoir was found out. A general method for the linearization of a thin structure with changeable geometric parameters is proposed, which has accelerated convergence. Based on the results of the calculations, concrete formulas and diagrams have been compiled that can be used in engineering practice. Keywords: shell; cylindrical oilfield reservoir; nonlinear model; finite difference method.

References

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The article presents a comparative service life analysis for Novikov gears of mechanical drives of sucker-rod pumps according to various failure criteria. The dependence of the service life ratio according to the criteria of bending strength and contact strength of teeth on the geometric and kinematic transmission parameters, as well as on the mechanical characteristics of materials, was investigated. Calculations have established that the probability of failure of Novikov gears of mechanical drives of sucker-rod pumps as a result of bending stresses is significantly lower than the probability of damage to working surfaces as a result of contact stresses. Therefore, damage to the teeth occurs primarily in their working surfaces, and non-working surfaces remain almost intact. On the basis of this, the possibility of increasing the life of the Novikov gears of the sucker-rod pumps by replacing working surfaces with non-working ones after a certain period of operation was confirmed. Further, methods of replacing the working profiles of gear teeth of existing sucker-rod pumps were presented.

Keywords: sucker-rod pumps; Novikov gears; bending stress; contact stress; pitting; service life ratio.

References

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This article poses and solves the problem of building a model toolkit for assessing the level of sustainable development of electric power enterprises. The indicators characterizing the state of the enterprise in terms of economic, environmental and social characteristics are proposed. In the economic aspect, it is proposed to focus on such a threat to sustainable economic development as economic insolvency. In the process of modeling economic insolvency, Altman's five-factor model scenarios are used. To resolve the contradictions between economic development, the rational use of resources and the negative impact on the environment, the article proposes a logical-linguistic model that allows to resolve this conflict.

Keywords: sustainable development; electric power enterprises; mathematical modeling; logical-linguistic approach.

References

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The article deals with the problem of risk assessment in the design of the construction of plants and shops for the production of fittings in the metallurgical industry. For the researcher, a classification of risk assessment methods based on the completeness of the available data is presented. In essence, generalized modeling methods, statistical method, sensitivity analysis method, tree decision method, expert method and approaches based on fuzzy logic were used. A more detailed description of the assessment of environmental risks by a method based on the use of fuzzy logic is given.

Keywords: risk factors; environmental risks; risk assessment; fuzzy logic.

References

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Results of summarizing literature review of cost evaluation for existing carbon dioxide utilization technologies are presented. Cost analysis for process components of CO2 utilization on iron-containing fillers with generation of environmental friendly energy sources has been performed. The ways for cost reduction are determined. The gross cost evaluation of the potential technology for CO2 utilization with generation of hydrogen and hydrocarbons is carried out. The conclusions about expediency of the potential technology are formulated, and further research directions are suggested.

Keywords: carbon dioxide utilization; production cost; feasibility study; environmental friendly energy sources.

References

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After the independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan, there is a great need to create a favorable investment climate for attracting foreign capital to the national economy. From this point of view, due to its special relevance in modern economic conditions, the legislative framework for the formation of a favorable investment climate in the oil and gas industry was studied and its impact on the development of the non-oil sector was assessed. To further clarify the subject of the study, special attention was paid to the frequent changes in tax legislation, which seriously hinder the attraction of investments in the oil and gas industry. As a result of successful reforms, changes have taken place in the management structure of the country's oil and gas industry aimed at creating a more accurate and perfect system of state regulation of operations in the use of subsoil. As a result, the contradictions in the issues of authority and the negative factors that led to the inefficiency of the management system as a whole were eliminated, and many positive developments were observed. The article shows the directions of directing the revenues from the oil and gas industry to the development of the non-oil sector with long-term forecasts in the conditions of formation of a favorable investment climate in our country.

Keywords: oil and gas industry; investment climate; law; non-oil sector; development.

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16. (2016). «Investisiyalarin teshviqi ile baglı elave tedbirler haqqinda» Azerbaycan Respublikasi Prezidentinin Fermani. https://e-qanun.az/framework/31870
17. (2019). Azerbaycan Respublikasinin Vergi Mecellesi. Baki: Huquq Yayim evi. https://e-qanun.az/framework/46948
18. Namazova, C. B. (2014). Investisiyalar. Baki: CBS. Polygraphic Production.
19. Aliyev, M. A., Kerimov, K. S., Huseynov, A. G. ve b. (2016). Neft-qaz sənayesinin iqtisadiyyati ve idare edilməsi. Baki: Litterpress.
20. Suleymanov, Q., Quliyeva, G. N., Qarayev, R. H. (2019). Senaye sahelerinin semereli teshkili ve idare olunmasinin innovativ mexanizmleri. Baki: Elm.
21. Abdullaev, R., Gasimov, S. (2017). The history of the transformation of SOCAR. Moscow: Nedra.
22. Aliyev, A. A. (2021). Otsenka finansovogo potentsiala innovatsionnogo razvitiya kompaniy (na primere neftegazovoy promyshlennosti). Moskva: Rusayns.
23. Aliyev, N. A. (2010). Neft' i neftyanoy faktor v ekonomike Azerbaydzhana v XXI veke. Baku.
24. Gasimov, A. A., Hajiyev, G. B. (2021). On management evaluation of oil-gas industry enteprises in modern economic condition. SOCAR Proceedings, 3, 100-105.
25. (1995). Azerbaycan Respublikasinin Konstitusiyasi (12 noyabr 1995-ci il). https://e-qanun.az/framework/897
26. (2000). «Dovlet emlakinin ozelleshdirilmesi haqqinda» Azerbaycan Respublikasinin Qanunu. https://e-qanun.az/framework/26044
27. (2014). «Xazar denizinin Azerbaycan sektorunda Absheron yarimadasi etrafinda dayazsulu sahenin keshfiyyati, ishlenmesi ve hasilatin pay bolgusu haqqinda» Azerbaycan Respublikasi Prezidentinin Serencami. https://e-qanun.az/framework/30884
28. (2021). «Azerbaycan 2030: sosial-iqtisadi inkishafa dair Milli Prioritetler» haqqinda Azerbaycan Respublikasi Prezidentinin Serencami). Baki.

The article analyzes the fact that Azerbaijan is one of the oldest and richest oil fields in the world, the penetration of foreign capital flow with the increase of oil production in the Baku region starting from the middle of the 19th century, the share of Azerbaijani oil in world oil production at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century, the increasing role of oil during the First World War, the struggle for Baku oil between Soviet Russia and the Entente countries after the war, the plans of fascist Germany to seize Baku oil during the Second World War, the exceptional role of Baku oil in the victory of the Soviet Union in the war, and the strict control of oil production by Moscow during the USSR, the interests of international powers and regional states in hydrocarbon resources in the Caspian region after the fall of the USSR, the oil strategy implemented by Heydar Aliyev in the 90s and its historical significance.

Keywords: Azerbaijan; Caspian sea; oil; US; UK; Russia; Türkiye; agreement.

References

1. (1987). Azerbaycan Sovet Ensiklopediyasi, 10 cildda: VII c. Baki: Azerbaycan SSR Dovlet Neshriyyati.
2. Muradaliyeva, E. B. (2005). Krov' zemnaya – neft' Azerbaydzhana i istoriya. Baku: Mutardzhim.
3. (2007). Azerbaycan tarixi (en qedim zamanlardan XX esredek), I cild. Baki: Chiraq.
4. (2000). Azerbaycan tarixi, 7 cildde: IV c. Baki: Elm.
5. (2001). Azerbaycan tarixi, 7 cildde: V c. Baki: Elm.
6. Hasanov, C. (1993). Azerbaycan beynalxalq munasibetler sisteminde (1918-1920-ci iller). Baki: Azerneshr.
7. (2009). XX esr Azerbaycan tarixi. II c. Baki: Tehsil.
8. (2010). Azerbaycan tarixi. II hisse (XIX-XXI esrin evvelleri). Baki: Baku Universiteti.
9. Qaradag, R. (2009). Neft firtinasi. Baki: Qanun.
10. Onder, Z. (2010). II Dunya savashinda Turk Dysh Politikasi. Ankara: Bilgi Yayinevi.
11. Hasanli, C. (2015). Ikinci Dunya Muharibesi illerinde Azerbaycan herbi, siyasi və diplomatik munasibetlerde (1939-1945). Baki: Yazichi.
12. Abbasov, Ch. M. (2005). Azerbaycanin dunya iqtisadiyyatuna inteqrasiya yollari. Baki: Elm.
13. Starchenkov, G. I. (2001). Vokrug Kaspiya. Kak podelit' ozero-more? Aziya i Afrika segodnya, 12, 17-25.
14. Main, S. İ, Sherr, J., Smith, M. A. (2003). The pattern of Russian policy in the aucasus and Central Asia. Conflict Studies Research Centre, Defence Academy of the United Kingdom.
15. Sestanovich, G. (1998). U.S. policy - toward the Caucasus and Central Asia. Washington DC. http://1997-2001.state.gov/www/policy-remarks/1998/980430sestan_hirc.html
16. Carrere, H. E. (2013). Le Caucase, region dimportance strategique? Tribune, 410, 19 juillet.
17. Safarov, P. Sh. (1999). 90-cı illerde Azerbaycanin beynalxalq veziyyeti və xarici siyaseti. Baki: ADPU-nun metbeesi.
18. Bzhezinskiy, Z. T. (1999). Velikaya shakhmatnaya doska. Moskva: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya.
19. Guluzade, V. M. (2003). Sredi vragov i druzey. Baku: Ona ofset.
20. Gasimli, M. C. (2015). Azerbaycan Respublikasinin xarici siyaseti (1991-2003-cu iller). 2 cildde: I c. Baki: Mutercim.
21. Chernyavskiy, S. I. (2013). Desyat' let istorii Azerbaydzhana. 2003–2013gg. Moskva: Flinta.
22. Chernyavskiy, S. I. (2002). Novyy put' Azerbaydzhana. Moskva: Molodaya gvardiya.
23. San'ko, V. (1994). Kaspiyskaya neft': byla i splyla. Nezavisimaya gazeta, 28 sentyabrya.
24. Sultanov, CH. A. (2008). Neftegazovyye strategii i politika v XXI veke. Baku: Nurlan.
25. Abbasbeyli, A. N. (1997). Geydar Aliyev i mirovaya politika. Baku: Azerneshr.
26. Turkiye metbuati Azerbaycan haqqinda (1993-1997-ci iller). Azerbaycan Respublikasi Xarici Ishler Nazirliyinin arxivi.
27. Aliyev, L. H. (1997). Azerbaycan nefti dunya siyasetinde. 5 cildde: IV c. Baki: Azerbaycan.
28. Amrahov, M. I. (2011). Boyuk Ipek Yolu. Baki: Mutercim.
29. Abdullayev, R., Gasimov, S. (2017). History of SOCAR transformation. Moscow: Nedra.
30. Gasimov, A. A., Hajiyev, G. B. (2021). On management evaluation of oil-gas industry enteprises in modern economic condition. SOCAR Proceedings, 3, 100-105.
31. Guseynov, D. R. (2018). Mezhdunarodnoye ekonomicheskoye sotrudnichestvo Azerbaydzhanskoy Respubliki v toplivnoenergeticheskoy sfere. Dissertatsiya na soiskaniye uchenoy stepeni kandidata. Moscow.
32. Suleymanov, Q., Quliyeva, G. N., Qarayev, R. H. (2019). Senaye sahelerinin semereli teshkili ve idare olunmasinin innovativ mexanizmleri. Baki: Elm.
33. Aliyev, A. A. (2021). Otsenka finansovogo potentsiala innovatsionnogo razvitiya kompaniy (na primere neftegazovoy promyshlennosti). Moskva: Rusayns.

The article analyzes the fact that Azerbaijan is one of the oldest and richest oil fields in the world, the penetration of foreign capital flow with the increase of oil production in the Baku region starting from the middle of the 19th century, the share of Azerbaijani oil in world oil production at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century, the increasing role of oil during the First World War, the struggle for Baku oil between Soviet Russia and the Entente countries after the war, the plans of fascist Germany to seize Baku oil during the Second World War, the exceptional role of Baku oil in the victory of the Soviet Union in the war, and the strict control of oil production by Moscow during the USSR, the interests of international powers and regional states in hydrocarbon resources in the Caspian region after the fall of the USSR, the oil strategy implemented by Heydar Aliyev in the 90s and its historical significance.

Keywords: Azerbaijan; Caspian sea; oil; US; UK; Russia; Türkiye; agreement.

References

1. (1987). Azerbaycan Sovet Ensiklopediyasi, 10 cildda: VII c. Baki: Azerbaycan SSR Dovlet Neshriyyati.
2. Muradaliyeva, E. B. (2005). Krov' zemnaya – neft' Azerbaydzhana i istoriya. Baku: Mutardzhim.
3. (2007). Azerbaycan tarixi (en qedim zamanlardan XX esredek), I cild. Baki: Chiraq.
4. (2000). Azerbaycan tarixi, 7 cildde: IV c. Baki: Elm.
5. (2001). Azerbaycan tarixi, 7 cildde: V c. Baki: Elm.
6. Hasanov, C. (1993). Azerbaycan beynalxalq munasibetler sisteminde (1918-1920-ci iller). Baki: Azerneshr.
7. (2009). XX esr Azerbaycan tarixi. II c. Baki: Tehsil.
8. (2010). Azerbaycan tarixi. II hisse (XIX-XXI esrin evvelleri). Baki: Baku Universiteti.
9. Qaradag, R. (2009). Neft firtinasi. Baki: Qanun.
10. Onder, Z. (2010). II Dunya savashinda Turk Dysh Politikasi. Ankara: Bilgi Yayinevi.
11. Hasanli, C. (2015). Ikinci Dunya Muharibesi illerinde Azerbaycan herbi, siyasi və diplomatik munasibetlerde (1939-1945). Baki: Yazichi.
12. Abbasov, Ch. M. (2005). Azerbaycanin dunya iqtisadiyyatuna inteqrasiya yollari. Baki: Elm.
13. Starchenkov, G. I. (2001). Vokrug Kaspiya. Kak podelit' ozero-more? Aziya i Afrika segodnya, 12, 17-25.
14. Main, S. İ, Sherr, J., Smith, M. A. (2003). The pattern of Russian policy in the aucasus and Central Asia. Conflict Studies Research Centre, Defence Academy of the United Kingdom.
15. Sestanovich, G. (1998). U.S. policy - toward the Caucasus and Central Asia. Washington DC. http://1997-2001.state.gov/www/policy-remarks/1998/980430sestan_hirc.html
16. Carrere, H. E. (2013). Le Caucase, region dimportance strategique? Tribune, 410, 19 juillet.
17. Safarov, P. Sh. (1999). 90-cı illerde Azerbaycanin beynalxalq veziyyeti və xarici siyaseti. Baki: ADPU-nun metbeesi.
18. Bzhezinskiy, Z. T. (1999). Velikaya shakhmatnaya doska. Moskva: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya.
19. Guluzade, V. M. (2003). Sredi vragov i druzey. Baku: Ona ofset.
20. Gasimli, M. C. (2015). Azerbaycan Respublikasinin xarici siyaseti (1991-2003-cu iller). 2 cildde: I c. Baki: Mutercim.
21. Chernyavskiy, S. I. (2013). Desyat' let istorii Azerbaydzhana. 2003–2013gg. Moskva: Flinta.
22. Chernyavskiy, S. I. (2002). Novyy put' Azerbaydzhana. Moskva: Molodaya gvardiya.
23. San'ko, V. (1994). Kaspiyskaya neft': byla i splyla. Nezavisimaya gazeta, 28 sentyabrya.
24. Sultanov, CH. A. (2008). Neftegazovyye strategii i politika v XXI veke. Baku: Nurlan.
25. Abbasbeyli, A. N. (1997). Geydar Aliyev i mirovaya politika. Baku: Azerneshr.
26. Turkiye metbuati Azerbaycan haqqinda (1993-1997-ci iller). Azerbaycan Respublikasi Xarici Ishler Nazirliyinin arxivi.
27. Aliyev, L. H. (1997). Azerbaycan nefti dunya siyasetinde. 5 cildde: IV c. Baki: Azerbaycan.
28. Amrahov, M. I. (2011). Boyuk Ipek Yolu. Baki: Mutercim.
29. Abdullayev, R., Gasimov, S. (2017). History of SOCAR transformation. Moscow: Nedra.
30. Gasimov, A. A., Hajiyev, G. B. (2021). On management evaluation of oil-gas industry enteprises in modern economic condition. SOCAR Proceedings, 3, 100-105.
31. Guseynov, D. R. (2018). Mezhdunarodnoye ekonomicheskoye sotrudnichestvo Azerbaydzhanskoy Respubliki v toplivnoenergeticheskoy sfere. Dissertatsiya na soiskaniye uchenoy stepeni kandidata. Moscow.
32. Suleymanov, Q., Quliyeva, G. N., Qarayev, R. H. (2019). Senaye sahelerinin semereli teshkili ve idare olunmasinin innovativ mexanizmleri. Baki: Elm.
33. Aliyev, A. A. (2021). Otsenka finansovogo potentsiala innovatsionnogo razvitiya kompaniy (na primere
    neftegazovoy promyshlennosti). Moskva: Rusayns.

The historical stages of the organization and development of the production of custom chemical reagents in the USSR are presented, the features of the interaction of ministries, departments, scientific institutions and industrial enterprises to achieve the set program goals are shown. The role of personalities and institutions in a significant expansion of the range of custom-made chemical reagents in our country in 1970-1990 is noted.

Keywords: custom chemical reagents; low-tonnage chemistry; «Reaktiv» program.

References

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Sustainable development of organizations implies stable socio-economic development without disturbing natural ecosystems and improving the quality of people’s lives, taking into account the economic capacity of the biosphere. The article considers the stages of implementation of integrated management systems on the example of a fuel company. Integrated management systems are essential to the efficient and sustainable operation of an organization. Integrated management systems include two or more international standardized management systems in the field of environmental protection, industrial safety and labor protection. These management systems are interconnected and operate in organizations as a single system. The paper shows the benefits for the organization when using integrated management systems based on the requirements of the ISO 14001 Occupational health and safety management systems and ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems standards. Emphasis is placed on innovations in ISO 14000:2015 standards. Methods for determining the opportunities and risks of an organization in the field of industrial safety, labor protection, and the environment are shown.

Keywords: sustainable development; integrated management systems; risks.

References

1. Yashalova, N. N., Nerobova, V. A. (2016). The triad of «Economy-Ecology-Tourism» in the context of sustainable regional development. Nature Management Economics, 5, 4-11.
2. Some Initiatives in Gujarat. Environment protection - sustains development. Nature Management Economics, 4, 4-43.
3. Maslennikova, I. S., Kuznetsov, L. M. (2017). Ekologicheskiy menedzhment i audit: Uchebnik i praktikum. Moskva: Yurayt.
4. Golubeva, S. G., Strel'nikov, YU. N., Sokornova, T. V. (2016). Sistema ekologicheskogo menedzhmenta: novaya versiya standarta. Ekologiya Proizvodstva, 9, 40-46.
5. Itkin, B. A. (2016). O novoy versii standarta ISO 14001. Ekologiya Proizvodstva, 3, 46-53.
6. Malikova, T. SH., Tuktarova I. O., Agadullina, A. KH. (2017). Analiz i otsenka ekologicheskikh riskov. Ural'skiy Ekologicheskiy Vestnik, 1, 29-31.
7. Malikova, T., Tuktarova, I., Agadullina A. (2017). Methodological approaches to the development of a model of the impact of the implementation of environmental management systems. Ponte Academic Journal, 73, 2-8.
8. Veselova, E., Malikova, T., Tuktarova, I. (2020). Integrated management system as a method of reducing fuel company’s risks. In: Topical Issues of Rational Use of Natural Resources, 1, 334-335.
9. Krivozertsev, N., Zatsepina, O. (2017). Nezamenimyy instrument dlya optimizatsii paroizvodstva. Ekologiya Proizvodstva, 8, 33-44.

An urgent problem in oil refineries during amine gas purification is the formation of a degradation product. Which leads to corrosion of equipment, foaming of systems, deterioration of mass transfer, violation of technological standards, and more. This article considers the effect of anion concentrations with which amines form thermostable salts. A number of experiments were carried out in which the gravimetric method was used to determine the corrosion rate of steels 20 and 09G2S. Based on the test results, the limiting concentrations of individual thermostable salts. The article also presents the results of studies of the dependence of the corrosion rate on the pH of solutions, concentrations of methyldiethanolamine and acids. The effectiveness of cleaning on ion-exchange resins on real working solutions of methyldiethanolamine refineries has also been proven.

Keywords: thermostable salts; acetate; format; oxalate; corrosion rate; amine; ion exchange; ion exchange resins.

References

1. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F., Vishnyakov, V. (2022). Nanocolloids for Petroleum Engineering: Fundamentals and Practices. John Wiley & Sons.
2. Suleimanov, B. A., Rzayeva, S. J., Akberova, A. F., Akhmedova, U. T. (2022). Self-foamed biosystem for deep reservoir conformance control. Petroleum Science and Technology, 40(20), 2450-2467.
3. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2021). Innovative technologies as a priority factor of the oil and gas industry development. ANAS Transactions, Earth Sciences, 2, 81–93.
4. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2022). The application of nanoparticles to stabilise colloidal disperse systems. ANAS Transactions. Earth Sciences, 1, 37–50.
5. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F. (2016). The effect of particle size distribution and the nano-sized additives on the quality of annulus isolation in well cementing. SOCAR proceedings, 4, 4-10.
6. Veliyev, E. F. (2020). Mechanisms of polymer retention in porous media. SOCAR Proceedings, 3, 126-134.
7. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2020). Colloidal dispersion nanogels for in-situ fluid diversion. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 193, 107411.
8. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2022). Comparative analysis of the geopolymer and Portland cement application as plugging material under conditions of incomplete displacement of drilling mud from the annulus. SOCAR Proceedings, 1, 108-115.
9. Suleimanov, B. A., Latifov, Y. A., Ibrahimov, K. M., Guseinova, N. I. (2017). Field testing results of enhanced oil recovery technologies using thermoactive polymer compositions. SOCAR Proceedings, 3, 17-31.
10. Khasanov, A. S., Sattorov, M. O., Yamaletdinova, A. A. (2015). Obrazovaniye termostoykikh soley v aminovykh rastvorakh ochistki prirodnykh gazov. Molodoy Ucheniy, 2(82), 223-225.
11. Runi, P. K., Beykon, T. R., DyuPart, M. S. (2022). Vliyaniye termostabil'nykh soley na korrozionnuyu aktivnost' rastvora MDEA. Friport, Texas: Kompaniya Dow Chemical.
12. Freiser, H., Fernando, Q. (1963). Ionic equilibria in analytical chemistry. New York: Wiley.
13. Smith, R. M., Martell, A. E. (1916). Critical stability constants. New York: Plenum Press.

At present, for the purification of gases from sulfur compounds, amine solutions are mainly used, which become contaminated during operation, which entails a number of technological problems. We have chosen a list of key indicators characterizing the degree of contamination of solutions, which consists of the concentration of thermostable salts, the mass fraction of chlorine ions, the mass fraction of iron and nickel, and foaming solutions. The article presents a multiple description and essence of methods for determining the indicators of the degree of contamination of solutions. For testing, 10 regenerated MDEA and MEA solutions were selected. For each value obtained, the limit of the total error and the allowable interval of the value were calculated to determine the convergence and adequacy of the measurements. All values fall within the allowable interval, taking into account the characteristic error of MI, which indicates the reliability and expediency of using these methods.

Keywords: methylethanolamine; methyldiethanolamine; thermostable salts; corrosion; electrical conductivity; foaming; cleaning; activated carbon; ion-exchange resin.

References

1. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F., Vishnyakov, V. (2022). Nanocolloids for Petroleum Engineering: Fundamentals and Practices. John Wiley & Sons.
2. Suleimanov, B. A., Rzayeva, S. J., Akberova, A. F., Akhmedova, U. T. (2022). Self-foamed biosystem for deep reservoir conformance control. Petroleum Science and Technology, 40(20), 2450-2467.
3. Suleimanov, B. A., Latifov, Y. A., Veliyev, E. F. (2019). Softened water application for enhanced oil recovery. SOCAR Proceedings, 1, 19-29.
4. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2021). Innovative technologies as a priority factor of the oil and gas industry development. ANAS Transactions, Earth Sciences, 2, 81–93.
5. Suleimanov, B. A., Veliyev, E. F. (2016). The effect of particle size distribution and the nano-sized additives on the quality of annulus isolation in well cementing. SOCAR Proceedings, 4, 4-10.
6. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2022). Comparative analysis of the geopolymer and Portland cement application as plugging material under conditions of incomplete displacement of drilling mud from the annulus. SOCAR Proceedings, 1, 108-115.
7. Suleimanov, B. A.,Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2021). Impact of nanoparticle structure on the effectiveness of pickering emulsions for EOR applications. ANAS Transactions. Earth Sciences, 1, 82–92.
8. Veliyev, E. F., Aliyev, A. A. (2022). The application of nanoparticles to stabilise colloidal disperse systems. ANAS Transactions. Earth Sciences, 1, 37–50.
9. Akhmetov, R. T., Kuleshova, L. S., Veliyev, E. F. O., et al. (2022). Substantiation of an analytical model of reservoir pore channels hydraulic tortuosity in Western Siberia based on capillary research data. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University, Geo Assets Engineering, 333(7), 86–95.
10. Zavqiyev, M., Panjiyev, O., Usmonova, M., Mamashayev, I. (2019). Optimization of amine solution content in acid gas purification. UNIVERSUM: Khimiya i Biologiya, 11(65).
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The use of digitalization and artificial intelligence (AI) methods in the oil and gas industry is a tool for ensuring economic efficiency, preserving competencies and human potential, contributes to the growth of the resource base, the implementation of design regimes and the extension of production at the final stage of operation of oil and gas fields. The driver of digitalization of the oil and gas industry is fierce competition in the global gas market and in the future only companies that are seriously and permanently engaged in investing in fundamental and applied research in the field of digital modernization of production will develop. The complex project «Digital and technological modernization of the world’s largest West Siberian Gas Production Center» has been prepared on the basis of the Strategy of Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation; it corresponds to the priorities and goals of state policy in the implementation of comprehensive scientific and technical programs of the full innovation cycle and involves the creation of highly efficient key components of the unified intellectual field line based on technologies that ensure economic and technological independence of digital production and creation of high-tech products and services in demand in the domestic and foreign gas markets.

Keywords: program; information; innovation; transformation; cycle; modernization; economy; digital platform; oil and gas field.

References

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Results of additional laboratory studies are presented for carbon dioxide utilization method with green generation of hydrogen and hydrocarbons. The method consists in interaction of water with dissolved CO₂ on the surface of iron-containing fillers. The process proceeds at temperatures starting from ambient conditions and does not require creation of high pressures or electric current in the system. The interaction is accompanied by intense evolution of gas phase with high content of hydrogen. Carbon is transformed into carbonates and small quantities of generated hydrocarbons. Influence of temperature and process parameters is studied for steel turnings used as a prototype of cheap fillers produced from metalworking wastes. The possibility to optimize the degree of CO₂ utilization is shown by controlling the carbonized water saturation pressure. According to the results of considered and previous series of experiments, the achieved degree of CO₂ utilization is up to 76-83%, with hydrogen content in the output gas of 63-82%.

Keywords: carbon dioxide utilization; hydrogen; hydrocarbons; iron-containing filler; carbonated water; iron turnings; green energy carriers.

References

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4. Zhong, J., Yang, X., Wu, Zh., et al. (2020). State of the art and perspectives in heterogeneous catalysis of CO2 hydrogenation to methanol. Chemical Society Reviews, 49, 1385-1413.
5. Pinaeva, L. G., Noskov, A. S. (2021). Chemical recovery processes of CO2. Ecology and Industry of Russia, 25(12), 30-37.
6. Holladay, J. D., Hu, J., King, D. L., Wang, Y. (2009). An overview of hydrogen production technologies. Catalysis Today, 139(4), 244-260
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11. Garifullina, Ch. A., Ibragimov, I. I., Indrupskiy, I. M., et al. (2021, October). Investigation of CO2 utilization processes on metal-containing fillers with generation of hydrogen and hydrocarbons. SPE-206612-MS. In: SPE Russian Petroleum Technology Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers
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The problem of carbon dioxide utilization is of increasing concern to the public, since measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions are no longer sufficient to prevent a global increase in temperature on the planet. The global energy sector is facing two major challenges: skyrocketing prices for petroleum products and an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere by industry. The growing anthropogenic pressure on the environment has increased interest in the geological storage of carbon dioxide. Developments in the field of alternative energy sources are becoming more and more relevant: hydrogenation and synthesis, solar energy, hydrogen energy. Promising trend, from the point of view of utilization, is associated with the production and use of environmentally friendly energy carriers through the conversion of carbon dioxide. The article discusses modern technologies for producing hydrogen and industrial conversion of carbon dioxide into useful products, including the author's nature-like method for converting carbon dioxide into green energy resources.

Keywords: carbon dioxide utilization; underground storage; hydrogenation and synthesis; hydrocarbons; hydrogen; alternative energy sources; catalysts.

References

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The article is about the reference dependencies of pollutant emissions from gas heaters, and the output parameters that have an impact on the magnitude of the NOx and CO emission dependencies. Also this article presents the results of experimental emission measurements for heaters with a power deviation from the nominal, with different operating time and with different degrees of contamination of fire tubes. The effect of changing the output parameters of heaters on the NOx and CO concentration is analyzed.

Keywords: gas heaters; pollutants; environmental control; output parameters.

References

1. Katin, V. D., Nesterov, V. I., Shevtsov, M. N. (2017). Osnovy teorii goreniya gazov. Khabarovsk: Tikhookeanskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet.
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Global climate change has a great impact on ecosystems. For this reason, there is a need for modern research on greenhouse gases and organic carbon. For the effective use of the findings, it is advisable to accumulate scientific results in a unified place, where there will be operational access and the ability to work with the data. The article discusses approaches to the formation of a regional information system (digital platform) on the example of the Republic of Bashkortostan – one of the regions where scientific research is carried out in 2022 at the sites of specially protected natural areas and areas of the Eurasian carbon polygon (experimental research sites). The platform is designed to work with decarbonization ecosystems based on one of the existing geoinformation systems with distributed access and display of information coming from measuring systems and stored in databases.

Keywords: geographic information system (GIS); digital platform; greenhouse gases; decarbonization; ecosystems.

References

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Changes in key climate index affect ecosystems and biodiversity. In this regard, the assessment of the climatic conditions is of particular relevance. This study presents the results of an analysis of climate change and digital mapping of soil temperature in the Yangan-Tau UNESCO Global Geopark (Russia). The steady increase in air temperature was revealed, which causes an increase in the sum of active temperatures and the duration of the warm period of the year. Annual total precipitation during 1966-2020 changed the sign of the trend: positive trend (increase in precipitation) in 1966-1990, while in 1991-2020 is negative. The hydrothermal indicators determined the increase in aridity during the warm period. Based on the analysis of changes in the climatic conditions of the geopark, a comparison was made of the temperature regimes of air and soil, and the relationship between these indicators in the snow-free period was revealed (R² = 0.62). An approach is presented for digital mapping of the temperature regime of the surface layer of soils based on ground-based research data and the results of interpretation of the Landsat thermal bands. A significant relationship between soil temperature and Earth surface temperature for the snow-free period was revealed (R² = 0.83). Based on the obtained regression model and Landsat 8-9 data for the snow-free period of 2013-2022 the map of the distribution of average temperatures of the surface layer of soil from May to October was produced, which clearly demonstrated the relationship between soil temperature and biomes.

Keywords: soil temperature; surface land temperature; remote methods; climate change; Yangan-Tau UNESCO global geopark; Bashkortostan.

References

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This article analyzes the results of gas geochemical investigations as part of the engineering and environmental surveys of unauthorized municipal solid waste landfills. Typical faults in the estimation of biogas emissions are disclosed. The practical aspects of the arrangement of degasification systems for unauthorized landfills in the context of the existing normative documentation are considered.

Keywords: recultivation; unauthorized municipal solid waste landfills; objects of accumulated harm; biogas.

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The article studies the volume of CO₂ emissions by cement enterprises in Western Europe. The review of the existing cement enterprises of the countries of the studied region is carried out. The aim the study is to assess the emissions of cement industries in Western Europe and the possibility of their use for the production nanomaterials. The analysis the dynamics of changes in the total annual carbon dioxide emissions for the period 1960-2020 was carried out on the basis of data from the open source Global Carbon Atlas, funded by Fondation BNP Paribus. Diagrams changes in the studied indicator for European countries are constructed. Countries with trends of decreasing and increasing the level of annual carbon dioxide emissions have been identified. A statistical assessment of CO₂ emissions by European cement enterprises has been carried out and countries with an identical regime of CO2 emissions into the atmospheric air have been identified. The assessment the technological process of production nanofibers based on atmospheric carbon dioxide in various European countries has been carried out.

Keywords: climate; carbon dioxide; carbon nanofiber; statistical analysis; cement production.

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